双目视觉拍摄角度对管长测量精度的影响研究  

The Study for the Influence of Binocular Vision Angle on the Measuring Accuracy of Ship Pipe Fitting Length

作　　者：张见广 陆雨薇 李远智 罗捷 ZHANG Jian-guang;LU Yu-wei;LI Yuan-zhi;LUO Jie(School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Guangxi Liuzhou 545006,China;Guangxi Earthmoving Machinery Collaborative Innovation Center,Guangxi Liuzhou 545006,China;Liu-zhou Huxin Auto Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangxi Liuzhou 545006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学机械与交通工程学院,广西柳州545006 [2]广西土方机械协同创新中心,广西柳州545006 [3]柳州沪信汽车科技有限公司,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第4期277-281,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划—科技部“科技助力经济2020”—铝合金车身关键连接技术研究及示范工位开发。

摘　　要：管件长度的测量是管件加工和检测的一项重要过程,传统的接触式测量方法,存在效率低,精度差,成本高等问题;非接触式测量作为一种智能、实时的测量方式具有精度高、成本低、测量速度快等优点,其中双目视觉测量是中小型零件测量常用的方式。但对大型零件的测量还存在一些问题,比如,船舶管件尺寸普遍较大,采集数据难度较大,影响测量精度。经实验发现,其测量精度对拍摄角度较敏感,主要原因在于拍摄角度影响着管件内壁产生噪点的数目,进而影响圆心位置拟合精度和尺寸测量精度。本研究针对此问题,开展了测量精度与拍摄角度关系的研究,发现同一半径下,当相机光轴与管件轴线方向一致时,内壁反射产生的噪点较少,拟合圆心位置较准确,测量结果精度较高;不同半径时,半径越大对拍摄角度越敏感。并将实验测量结果与三坐标测量结果对比,发现在当拍摄角度在[87°,93°]时,测量精度最高,测量精度可达到(±0.230)mm,较之传统皮尺测量,精度提升了77%。The measurement of pipe fitting length is an important process of pipe fitting machining and testing.The traditional contact measurement method has the problems of low efficiency,poor precision and high cost.As an intelligent and real-time measurement method,non-contact measurement has the advantages of high precision,low cost and fast measurement speed,among which binocu-lar vision measurement is a commonly used method for measuring small and medium-sized parts.However,there are still some prob-lems in the measurement of large parts.For example,the size of ship pipe fittings is generally large,and it is difficult to collect data,which affects the measurement accuracy.The experimental results show that the measurement accuracy is sensitive to the shooting Angle,mainly because the shooting Angle affects the number of noise points generated on the inner wall of the pipe fitting,and then af-fects the fitting accuracy of the center of the circle and the measurement accuracy of the size.Aiming at this problem,this study carried out a study on the relationship between the measurement accuracy and the shooting Angle.It was found that under the same radius,when the optical axis of the camera was in the same direction with the pipe fitting axis,the noise generated by the reflection on the inner wall was less,the position of the fitting center of the circle was more accurate,and the measurement result had a higher accuracy.With different radii,the larger the radius is,the more sensitive the shooting Angle is.By comparing the experimental measurement results with the three-dimensional measurement results,it is found that when the shooting Angle is[87°,93°],the measurement accuracy is the highest,and the measurement accuracy can reach(±0.230)mm,which is 77%higher than that of the traditional tape measure.

关 键 词：拍摄角度 管件长度 视觉测量 圆心拟合 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]