航天复杂薄壁零件加工工艺知识图谱构建及其应用  

Construction and application of knowledge graph for machining process of complex thin-walled parts

作　　者：彭仕鑫 肖彪 赵正彩[1] 徐宝德 丁国智 尉渊 苏宏华[1] 王萌 PENG Shixin;XIAO Biao;ZHAO Zhengcai;XU Baode;DING Guozhi;YU Yuan;SU Honghua;WANG Meng(College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Beijing Xinghang Electro-mechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016 [2]北京星航机电装备有限公司,北京100071

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第4期709-719,共11页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目(92160301)。

摘　　要：针对航天复杂薄壁零件加工工艺数据结构化程度低、难以重用等问题,将知识图谱引入工艺设计领域,提出了一种典型的复杂薄壁零件加工工艺知识图谱构建方法。首先,自顶向下定义工艺知识层次结构,利用本体建模构建了模式层;其次,利用知识抽取、知识融合及本体关系建立的方法自底向上构建了数据层,通过Neo4j图数据库完成了模式层与数据层的映射,并实现了工艺知识的可视化表征和快速检索;然后,在构建完成的工艺知识图谱基础上,结合零件属性和特征拓扑关系的相似度实现了工艺路线推荐;最后,搭建了复杂薄壁零件加工工艺知识图谱可视化系统,并以框段类零件为例展示了工艺知识检索与工艺路线推荐功能。研究结果表明:对基于知识图谱和相似度计算的工艺路线推荐模型进行了500次测试,有94.7%的推荐列表中存在与目标零件相符的工艺路线。这证明了该工艺知识图谱的构建方法是可行的,并且其对工艺设计工作起到辅助决策作用,可以有效提高工艺查询和设计的效率。Aiming at the problem that the machining data of aerospace complex thin-walled parts is low structured and difficult to be reused,a knowledge graph was introduced into the field of machining process design,and an approach of constructing a knowledge graph for machining typical complex thin-walled parts in aerospace application was proposed.First,the process knowledge hierarchy was defined from top to bottom,and the schema layer was constructed by ontology modeling.Second,the methods of knowledge extraction,knowledge fusion and ontology relationship establishment were used to build the data layer from the bottom to the top.The mapping between schema layer and data layer was completed by using Neo4j graph database,which realized the visual representation and fast retrieval of process knowledge.Then,on the basis of the completed process knowledge graph,the process route recommendation was realized by combining the similarity of part attributes and feature topological relationship.Finally,the visualization system of knowledge graph for machining process of complex thin-walled parts was built,and the function of machining knowledge retrieval and machining route recommendation was demonstrated by taking frame segment parts as an example.The research results show that the process route recommendation model based on knowledge graph and similarity calculation is tested for 500 times,and 94.7%of the recommended list has the process route matching with the target part.It is proved that the construction method of the process knowledge graph is feasible,which can play an auxiliary role in process design decision-making,and can effectively improve the efficiency of process query and design.

关 键 词：工艺设计 复杂薄壁零件加工工艺 知识融合 工艺路线推荐 知识抽取 可视化系统 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]