地理大数据在旅游领域的创新应用及学科影响和研究展望  

Big Geodata in Tourism Research:Innovative Application,Disciplinary Influence,and Research Prospect

作　　者：蒋依依 高洁 郭佳明 徐海滨 JIANG Yiyi;GAO Jie;GUO Jiaming;XU Haibin(School of Leisure Sports and Tourism,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Research base for the development of Winter Olympic culture and ice and snow sports of Beijing,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学体育休闲与旅游学院,北京100084 [2]北京市冬奥文化与冰雪运动发展研究基地,北京100084

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2024年第2期242-258,共17页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(21ATY001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022YB016)。

摘　　要：大数据正在改变捕捉和分析人类活动与行为的方式。多种新兴数据渠道不断涌现,为旅游领域研究提供了大量具有潜在应用价值的数据,克服了传统旅游研究中普遍存在的数据不足问题。本文以地理大数据的研究前沿为基础,明晰地理大数据在旅游领域人类旅游活动、旅游地理环境、旅游人地关系3个方面的理论支撑重点,梳理人类旅游活动/行为数据(UGC、设备数据、交易数据)和旅游地理环境数据(POI、客观环境数据)等地理大数据在旅游领域的创新应用,探讨地理大数据在理论研究更新、多源数据融合、分析方法突破3个方面的挑战和展望,为旅游领域时空认知、理论支撑、建模方法、分析框架等方面研究的深入开展提供一定参考。研究建议在理论上需要将科学研究范式标准化系统化,结合不同的事件和场景创造基于“过程-结构-机制”的中国旅游地理解释体系;数据上需要向大数据与其他数据的互补结合转变;分析技术需要向提高分析方法自适应性、涉入旅游现象特殊性变量的方向转变。The way we capture and analyze human activity and behavior is changing because of big data.A variety of new data sources have emerged to supplement the official data,offering a significant amount of data with potential application value for the research of tourism and leisure while overcoming the common problem of insufficient data in traditional tourism research.Based on the research frontier of big geodata,this paper explains the theoretical foundation of tourism under the background of geographic multi-source big data at three levels:human tourism activities,tourism geographical environments and destinations,and the relationship between tourists and tourist destinations.Secondly,this paper summarizes the application of big geodata,such as human tourism activity data(e.g.,UGC data,device data,transaction data) and tourism geographical environment data(e.g.,POI,environmental data).Finally,this paper discusses the challenges and prospects of big geodata in three aspects:research paradigm and theory,multi-source data fusion,and analysis methods.For the research paradigm and theory,there is the requirement for standardize and systematize the scientific research paradigm by combining different events and scenarios to create an interpretation system of Chinese tourism geography based on "process-structure-mechanism".In terms of multi-source data fusion,the combination of big data and other data is necessary.In terms of analysis methods,efforts are still needed to improve the adaptability of analysis methods and incorporate the specific variables of tourism phenomena.

关 键 词：地理大数据 旅游地理 用户生成数据 旅游行为 理论应用 地理信息科学 数据融合 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] F590[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]