附加频率控制下并网换流器的动态惯量及其量化评估  

Dynamic Inertia of Grid-connected Converter with Additional Frequency Control and Its Quantitative Evaluation

作　　者：陈湘[1] 付强[1] 宾子君 肖先勇[1] 孔祥平 CHEN Xiang;FU Qiang;BIN Zijun;XIAO Xianyong;KONG Xiangping(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610044,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,四川省成都市610044 [2]国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,江苏省南京市211103

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第8期131-140,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(海上风电柔直并网系统的振荡频率漂移机理与协同抑制研究,4000-202318081A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：新能源大规模并网显著降低了交流系统惯量,并网换流器参与频率控制成为提升频率稳定性的重要手段。基于传递函数模型推导了附加频率控制下并网换流器的动态惯量,发现其受惯量设计参数和其他控制环节的共同影响,呈现时变特性,但是将其简化为与同步发电机旋转惯量类似的常数会导致分析误差。为此,面向定直流电压控制和定功率控制这两类主流的并网换流器控制方式,提出了附加频率控制下并网换流器动态惯量的量化评估方法,分析了控制参数、运行工况和系统特性等不同因素对惯量的影响机制,得到了有功控制外环会显著改变原有设计惯量的结论,需重点关注其控制参数导致的惯量偏差。最后,基于在Simulink中搭建的时域仿真模型,验证了所提传递函数模型及惯量量化评估方法的正确性和有效性。The large-scale integration of renewable energy significantly reduces the inertia of the AC system,and the participation of grid-connected converters in the frequency control has become an important means to improve frequency stability.Based on the transfer function model,the dynamic inertia of grid-connected converter with additional frequency control is derived.It is observed that the dynamic inertia exhibits time-varying characteristics due to the combined influence of inertia design parameters and other control elements.However,simplifying it to a constant similar to the rotational inertia of synchronous generators will lead to analysis errors.Therefore,for the two mainstream grid-connected converter control methods of constant DC voltage control and constant power control,the quantitative evaluation method of dynamic inertia for grid-connected converter with additional frequency control is proposed.The influence mechanisms of different factors such as control parameters,operation conditions,and system characteristics on inertia are analyzed.It is concluded that the outer loop of active power control will significantly change the original design inertia,and it is necessary to focus on the inertia deviation caused by its control parameters.Finally,based on the time-domain simulation model built in Simulink,the correctness and effectiveness of the transfer function model and quantitative evaluation method of inertia are verified.

关 键 词：新能源 并网换流器 频率控制 惯量 量化评估 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]