三维整体式碳基光热转换材料在太阳能界面水蒸发中的应用研究进展  

A review of 3D monolithic carbon-based materials with a high photothermal conversion efficiency used for solar water vapor generation

作　　者：韩悦 张鹏[2] 赵晓明 HAN Yue;ZHANG Peng;ZHAO Xiao-ming(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites,Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage,School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学天津市先进纺织复合材料重点实验室,天津市先进纤维与储能技术重点实验室,纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《新型炭材料（中英文）》2024年第2期240-253,共14页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：中国工程院咨询研究项目(2021DFZD1)

摘　　要：光热驱动的海水淡化技术被认为是最具潜力的解决全球淡水资源短缺难题的方法之一。其中,太阳能界面水蒸发(SVG)是海水淡化效率的核心过程,是保证光热海水淡化技术具有能量转换效率高、设备简单、成本效益高的关键。在所有高效SVG候选材料中,三维整体式碳基光热转换材料具有成本低、吸光效率高、结构可调性好、水蒸发速率高、无二次污染等优点。本综述首先简述了SVG的基本原理,以此为依据介绍了高效SVG材料的工作机制和设计原则,最后系统归纳和概述了4种不同类型的三维整体式碳基光热转换材料的研究进展。本综述为未来三维整体式碳基光热转换材料的构建及其在SVG领域的应用研究提供理论基础和研究指导。In recent years,photothermal-driven desalination has been regarded as one of the most promising methods to solve the global crisis of freshwater scarcity.The solar generation of water vapor(SGWV)is a key process in seawater desalination which uses simple equipment and has a high cost-benefit.Among alternative photothermal conversion materials for a SGWV system,threedimensional(3D)monolithic carbon-based materials have many advantages,including low cost,good structure control,and high light-harvesting efficiency which gives a high evaporation rate.3D monolithic carbon-based materials with a high photothermal conversion efficiency are reviewed together with their use in interface SGWV.The working mechanism of SGWV and the classification of SGWV materials are first considered,followed by detailed consideration of 3D monolithic carbon materials,including their design,preparation and working mechanism in SGWV.Finally,both the advantages and disadvantages of 3D monolithic carbon materials with a high photothermal conversion efficiency are examined.

关 键 词：光热转换 三维整体材料 碳质材料 太阳能界面水蒸发 海水淡化 

分 类 号：TB32/33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]