基于生态分区的西南山地城市市域空间优化研究——以昭通为例  

Research on Optimization of Geographical Space in Southwest Mountainous Cities Based on Ecological Zoning——Taking Zhaotong as an Example

作　　者：高梦瑶 李翅[1] GAO Mengyao;LI Chi(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院

出　　处：《城市与区域规划研究》2023年第2期120-133,共14页Journal of Urban and Regional Planning

基　　金：城乡人居生态环境学项目(北京高校高精尖学科建设项目)资助。

摘　　要：处理好保护开发对资源环境的适应性是市域国土空间优化工作中的一项重要挑战,然而当前在山地城市仍然缺少完整、适用的研究路径。文章以西南山地城市昭通为研究区,在生态分区规划的基础上预测2035年多情景土地发展,继而进行分区合理性验证。结果表明:①昭通市域现状生境质量良好,但整体景观格局脆弱度较高;②耦合两项指标,以保护现状质量最佳生境为主要功能导向划定生态涵养区,以修复生境不佳且景观格局脆弱区域为主要功能导向划定重点修复区,以合理开发利用非脆弱区域为主要功能导向划定城乡发展区,分别占市域总面积的46.08%、15.79%和38.13%;③在遵循分区规划的保护发展情景下,生态系统服务综合效益优于现状与经济优先发展情景,同时能够保障昭通市建设用地面积合理增长。“分区规划-土地发展预测-比较评估”的研究路径,对于中国西南地区生态较敏感、经济欠发达、建设需求较高的山地城市来说,具有避免潜在权衡风险、平衡经济与生态关系的积极意义。Dealing with the adaptability of protection and development to resources and environment is an important challenge in the optimization of urban space,yet there is still a lack of complete and applicable research paths in mountain cities.Taking Zhaotong,a mountainous city in southwest China,as a research area,this paper predicts the multi-scenario land development in 2035 based on ecological zoning plans and then verifies the reasonability of zoning.The results indicate that:1)the current habitat quality in Zhaotong city is good,but the overall landscape pattern is fragile;2)by coupling two indicators,an ecological conservation zone is planned with the main functional orientation of protecting current habitats with the best quality,a key restoration zone is planned with the main functional orientation of restoring areas with poor habitats and fragile landscape patterns,and an urban and rural development zone is planned with the main functional orientation of rational development and utilization of non-fragile areas,accounting for 46.08%,15.79%and 38.13%of the total urban area,respectively;3)under the protection and development scenario that follows the zoning planning,the comprehensive benefits of ecosystem services are better than the current situation and the economic priority development scenario,and at the same time,the construction land area of Zhaotong can achieve reasonable growth.The research path of“zoning planning-land development projection-comparative assessment”has a positive significance in avoiding potential risks and balancing relationships between economy and ecology for mountainous cities in Southwest China,which tend to be more ecologically sensitive,economically underdeveloped and with high construction needs.

关 键 词：生境质量 景观格局脆弱度 生态分区 山地城市 市域 

分 类 号：TU984.115[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]