碳酸盐工厂的精细刻画:定量化重建视角  

Detailed Characterization of Carbonate Factories from the Perspective of Quantitative Reconstruction

作　　者：王夏 孟令赞[1] 柳晶晶 甯濛 葛毓柱 曾雨涵 李飞 颜佳新 WANG Xia;MENG LingZan;LIU JingJing;NING Meng;GE YuZhu;ZENG YuHan;LI Fei;YAN JiaXin(Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Branch of State Energy Key Laboratory for Carbonate Oil and Gas,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Basin and Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,Chengdu 610218,China;Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology,School of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610059 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,成都理工大学,成都610059 [3]国家能源碳酸盐岩油气重点实验室成都理工大学研究分室,成都理工大学,成都610059 [4]自然资源部深时地理环境重建与应用重点实验室,成都理工大学,成都610059 [5]自然资源部沉积盆地与油气资源重点实验室,成都610218 [6]天然气地质四川省重点实验室,西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都610500 [7]生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《沉积学报》2024年第2期350-370,共21页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42102143,42272131,42293291);自然资源部沉积盆地与油气资源重点实验室开放基金(cdcgs2022003)。

摘　　要：【意义】碳酸盐工厂为碳酸盐岩沉积体系提供了物质基础,与海洋演化、元素循环、表生地质过程等密切相关,是反映地球系统演化的重要环节。因此,定量化表征碳酸盐工厂及其主控因素是深入理解碳酸盐岩所记录的地质信息的关键。【进展】总结了半定量—定量表征碳酸盐工厂的研究方法进展,结合对沉积过程正演模拟方法的介绍,从定量重建的角度为精细刻画碳酸盐工厂提供了思路。【展望】针对碳酸盐工厂的研究,应在传统碳酸盐岩沉积学的基础上加深对其主控因素的定量评估,特别是直接影响生态的因素。但在套用基于碎屑岩沉积体系所建立的定量分析方法时,需要考虑碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩的差异,并进一步完善适用于碳酸盐岩的模型和分析方法。此外,在应用地球化学指标反演碳酸盐工厂及其主控因素时,要加强对成岩作用改造程度的定量评估,以降低成岩作用对地球化学信号的影响。而在开发和应用新的碳酸盐岩地球化学代用指标时,需明确其赋存或分馏机理,从而更准确地解读其所反映的古气候和古环境信息。同时,在利用沉积过程正演模拟研究工厂的演化和生产机制时,需评估从现代环境中获取的参数在深时地质记录中的适用性,并在建模过程中考虑早期成岩作用及海水化学演化的影响。[Significance]Carbonate factories provide the foundation for forming carbonate depositional systems.They are closely related to marine evolution,elemental cycling,and earth surface processes and are an essential part reflecting the evolution of the Earth system.The transition of carbonate factories often coincides with biological and environmental changes.Over geological time,the change of carbonate factories frequently occurs along with biological or environmental crises such as mass extinction or the initiation of new life forms such as life explosion or biological recovery after crisis.Therefore,quantifying the characterization of carbonate factories and their controlling factors is for a deeper understanding of the geological information recorded in carbonate rocks.[Progress]However,most studies on carbonate factories,particularly those from the geological records,are qualitative based on the lithological and microfacies analysis.This study summarizes the research progress in the semi-quantitative to quantitative characterization of carbonate factories,combining the introduction of the methods for forward modelling of sedimentary processes to provide a perspective for the detailed characterization of carbonate factories from a quantitative reconstruction perspective.In addition to providing information on rock components that indicate the ingredients of carbonate factories,statistical analysis of carbonate grains can offer insights into the sedimentary environment by examining parameters such as size,roundness,and sorting.These shape characteristics can serve as quantitative indicators of water energy and grain transportation processes.Elemental geochemical proxies enable the assessment of environmental parameters such as redox conditions,nutrient levels,and climatic conditions.Isotopic geochemical proxies play a crucial role in reconstructing the evolution of environmental factors such as temperature and seawater carbonate saturation.By a combination of multiproxies and sedimentary process modelling,a compre

关 键 词：碳酸盐工厂 定量分析 碳酸盐颗粒 元素地球化学 同位素地球化学 地层正演模拟 

分 类 号：P588.245[天文地球—岩石学]