基于核酸适配体的比色生物传感器研究进展  

Advance of aptamer-based colorimetric biosensor

作　　者：黄丽珊 胡奕津 范申 张红艳[1] HUANG Lishan;HU Yijin;FAN Shen;ZHANG Hongyan(College of Pharmacy,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学药学院,福州350122

出　　处：《分析试验室》2024年第3期433-442,共10页Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81703695);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2021J01921);福建省教育厅新世纪人才计划项目资助。

摘　　要：核酸适配体因能与目标物特异性结合而被用作生物识别元件,广泛用于生物传感器的研究。基于适配体的比色生物传感器,因简便、经济且直观可视等特点,在环境保护、医疗诊断和食品安全等领域备受青睐。随着生物技术和纳米技术的迅速发展,结合不同显色途径和信号放大方法,已建立了多种操作简便、特异性强、灵敏度高的基于适配体的比色传感方法,为现场快速检测技术的发展提供了新思路和新选择。识别元件、信号探针及信号放大策略都是影响比色生物传感器准确性和灵敏度的重要因素,纳米材料和放大策略的选择及设计非常重要。本文主要基于酶催化和等离子体共振比色原理,介绍了近年来比色适配体传感器的研究进展,为高灵敏比色生物传感器的研究和应用提供参考。Aptamers have been widely used as biological recognition elements of biosensor because of their specific binding to the targets.The colorimetric biosensors based on aptamers are popular in the fields of environmental protection,medical diagnosis and food safety due to their advantages of simplicity,economy and visualization.With the rapid development of biological technology and nano science technology,many colorimetric methods based on aptamers with easy operation,strong specificity and high sensitivity have been established by combining different color rendering pathways and signal amplification methods,providing new ideas and choices for the development of on-site rapid detection.Definitely,recognition elements,signal probes and signal amplification strategies are key factors that affect the accuracy and sensitivity of colorimetric biosensors.Therefore,it is very important to select and design them ingeniously.Accordingly,this paper will mainly introduce the advance of colorimetric sensors in recent years based on the two most common colorimetric principles of enzymatic catalysis and plasma resonance,providing a reference for the research and application of highly sensitive colorimetric biosensors.

关 键 词：核酸适配体 比色生物传感器 传感模式 综述 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] TP212.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]