不同香水月季染色体倍性鉴定及其繁育系统分析  

Identification of chromosome ploidy and analysis of breeding system of different Rosa odorata

作　　者：侯秋梅 周艳[1] 杨朔 张佳佳 周洪英 吴洪娥 HOU Qiumei;ZHOU Yan;YANG Shuo;ZHANG Jiajia;ZHOU Hongying;WU Hong’e(Guizhou Botanical Garden,Guizhou Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州科学院贵州省植物园,贵阳550001

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第4期654-661,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：贵州省高层次创新型人才(百层次)项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5635-2);贵州省林业种苗站“古老月季种质资源库建设”项目;贵州山地玫瑰科技创新人才团队建设项目(黔科院人才[2019]05号)。

摘　　要：【目的】香水月季(Rosa odorata)是一类重要的蔷薇属植物种质资源,具有较高的观赏价值及利用价值,为促进香水月季种质资源的开发和利用,对不同香水月季染色体倍性、花部综合特征和繁育系统特性进行研究。【方法】以9种香水月季为材料,采用流式细胞仪、杂交指数检测等对不同香水月季的染色体倍性、花粉活力、柱头可授性、花部特征等进行观察及测定,并对繁育系统进行分析。【结果】(1)9种香水月季均为二倍体,其花为两性花,花色明亮,多重瓣或半重瓣,其中5种香水月季雌雄蕊异熟;(2)9种香水月季的花粉活力普遍偏低,最高仅为35.47%,杂交指数(OCI)均≥4,其花粉量-胚珠比(P/O)值为6709~75521。【结论】9种香水月季的繁育系统类型均以异交为主,且繁育系统受花粉粒数、花瓣数等多个因素影响。[Objective]Rosa odorata is an important germplasm resource of Rosa,which has high value of appreciation and utilization.In order to promote the development and utilization of the germplasm resources,the chromosome ploidy,floral synthesis,and characteristics of breeding systems of different R.odorata were studied.[Methods]The chromosome ploidy,pollen vitality,stigma vitality,and flower characteristics of 9 R.odorata were observed and determined by flow cytometer and outcrossing analysis.We also analyzed the breeding systems.[Results](1)9 R.odorata were identified as diploid,and their flowers were bisexual with bright colors and mostly double or semi-double petals.Male and female flowers of 5 varieties were matured at different time.(2)9 R.odorata pollen vitalities were low,with the highest vitality of 35.47%.The outcrossing index(OCI)of all varieties was≥4,and pollen volume-ovule ratio(P/O)values ranged from 6709 to 75521.[Conclusion]The breeding system of 9 R.odorata is mainly outcrossing,and the breeding system is affected by many factors,such as the number of pollen grains and petals.

关 键 词：香水月季 染色体倍性 花综合特征 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]