生物质锅炉富氧燃烧技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Oxygen-enriched Combustion Technology in Biomass Boiler

作　　者：丁先 李汪繁 马达夫 吴何来 刘平元 DING Xian;LI Wangfan;MA Dafu;WU Helai;LIU Pingyuan(Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司,上海200240

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2024年第2期157-167,316,共12页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

摘　　要：生物质锅炉富氧燃烧作为一种新型的燃烧技术,可在有效改善生物质燃料清洁高效利用的同时,为碳捕集及利用提供高浓度CO_(2)的烟气,目前该技术在国内外尚处于研究示范阶段。通过系统梳理生物质燃料的基本特性,重点介绍了生物质富氧燃烧特性及相关工程研究现状,并分析了该技术发展趋势。结果表明:富氧燃烧可在一定程度上减少热量损失,提高燃烧稳定性和锅炉运行效率;通过烟气再循环动态调整再循环比例可有效控制炉内的温度水平,缓解污染物排放问题;由于在富氧系统、配风系统、受热面结渣和全炉膛密封等方面存在技术问题,合适的注氧和混氧方式、氧量和配风方式的动态调整、防结渣处理和密封改造是防范风险的主要措施;基于富氧燃烧的生物质能高效利用耦合碳捕集与封存技术有望成为生物质电厂转型发展的方向。As a new combustion technology,oxygen-enriched combustion can effectively improve the clean utilization of biomass fuel and provide high-concentration CO_(2)flue gas for carbon capture and utilization.At present,the technology is still in the stage of research demonstration at home and abroad.By systematically sorting out the basic characteristics of biomass fuels,the characteristics of biomass oxygen-enriched combustion and related engineering research status were high lighted,and its development trend of this technology was analyzed.Results show that oxygen-enriched combustion can reduce heat loss and improve combustion stability and boiler operation efficiency to a certain extent.It can effectively control the temperature inside the furnace and alleviate the problem of pollutant emissions by dynamically adjusting the recirculation ratio through flue gas recirculation.There may be technical problems in the oxygen enrichment system,air distribution system,slag formation of the heating surface and the sealing of the whole furnace,etc.,and main measures to prevent risks are to select appropriate oxygen injection and oxygen mixing mode,dynamic adjustment of oxygen and air distribution mode,anti-slagging treatment and sealing transformation.The efficient utilization of biomass energy coupled carbon capture and storage technology based on oxygen-enriched combustion is expected to become the direction of the transformation and development of biomass power plants.

关 键 词：生物质 燃料特性 富氧燃烧 工程研究 技术风险 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]