人工授精技术在温州本土黄牛选种选配中的应用  

Research on application of artificial insemination in selective breeding of native beef cattle breeds in Wenzhou

作　　者：吴成狄 叶超群 张燕展 闫德光[2] 张洪涛[2] 吴昌会 许红喜 WU Chengdi;YE Chaoqun;ZHANG Yanzhan;YAN Deguang;ZHANG Hongtao;WU Changhui;XU Hongxi(Taishun County Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute,Wenzhou 325500,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Harbin 150038,China;Taishun County Rongfa Agricultural Specialized Cooperative,Wenzhou 325505,China)

机构地区：[1]泰顺县农业科技创新研究院,浙江温州325500 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院畜牧兽医研究所,哈尔滨150038 [3]泰顺县荣发农业专业合作社,浙江温州325505

出　　处：《黑龙江动物繁殖》2024年第2期35-38,共4页Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction

基　　金：温州市科技特派员专项(X2023070);泰顺县科技计划项目(2023TSXM0028);黑龙江省自然科学基金-联合引导项目(LH2022C092)。

摘　　要：温州地区的肉牛品种以本土黄牛为主,少数外来品种有安格斯牛、鲁西黄牛及西门达尔牛等。本土黄牛因养殖户长期以来保持本交自繁自养原始模式,退化现象严重。为提升温州本土黄牛的品质和生长速度,应用和牛冻精对温州本土黄牛与部分引入品种牛进行人工授精试验,选择本土黄牛、安格斯牛、鲁西黄牛育成母牛各20头,进行体尺和体重的测定及同期发情、人工授精处理,并进行早期妊娠诊断。结果表明:本土黄牛体尺、体重均显著低于安格斯牛和鲁西黄牛(P<0.05);本土黄牛参配率最高,达到100%,安格斯牛为90%,鲁西黄牛为95%;本土黄牛、安格斯牛和鲁西黄牛参配后第32天B超妊娠诊断有明显孕囊的影像,再结合直肠检查,可诊断为已怀孕,受胎率分别为75%、72%、74%,说明本土肉牛繁殖性能好于安格斯牛、鲁西黄牛。The beef cattle breeds in Wenzhou are dominated by native yellow cattle breeds,and a few exotic breeds including Angus cattle,Luxi yellow cattle and Simmental cattle,etc.Due to the long-term use of primitive mode of breeding by farmers,the native yellow cattle breeds have been degraded seriously.To improve the quality and growth rate of the native yellow cattle in Wenzhou,artificial insemination technology was applied to carry out crossbreeding improvement on native yellow cattle in Wenzhou by using frozen semen of Wagyu bull.In the experiment,three groups containing 20 native yellow cattle,20 Angus cattle and 20 Luxi yellow cattle,respectively,all of which were bred heifers,were measured for body size,body weight,and treated with estrus synchronization,artificial insemination,early pregnancy diagnosis,etc.The results showed that the body size and body weights of the native yellow cattle breeds were significantly lower than the other two cattle breeds(P<0.05).Both the estrus synchronization rate and mating rate of the native yellow cattle were 100%,while that of the Angus cattle was 90% and that of the Luxi yellow cattle was 95%.The ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis at the 32nd day after the mating was characterized by an obvious image of a gestation sac,which combined with the rectal examination,could be an indicator of pregnancy.The conception rate was 75%,72% and 74% for native yellow cattle,Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle,respectively,indicating that the reproductive performance of native beef cattle is relatively better.

关 键 词：温州本地牛 安格斯牛 鲁西黄牛 人工授精 同期发情 受胎率 

分 类 号：S823.34[农业科学—畜牧学]