杭州市大气VOCs组成特征及二次污染生成贡献  

Composition characteristics of volatile organic compounds and contribution to secondary pollution formation in Hangzhou

作　　者：钱思瑶 关净文 关璐 张天 王蕴赟 沈建东 于兴娜[1] QIAN Si-yao;GUAN Jing-wen;GUAN Lu;ZHANG Tian;WANG Yun-yun;SHEN Jian-dong;YU Xing-na(Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Hangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]浙江省杭州生态环境监测中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第4期1921-1928,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：杭州市农业与社会发展科研计划项目(202203B29);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022h11020008)。

摘　　要：利用2021年1~12月杭州市城区大气VOCs的观测数据,分析了VOCs化学组成及其污染特征,运用正交矩阵因子分解法(PMF)进行VOCs来源解析,并利用最大增量反应活性(MIR)和气溶胶生成系数(FAC)估算VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(AFP),量化评估其二次污染生成贡献.结果显示,观测期间杭州市大气VOCs体积分数均值为30.65×10^(-9),烷烃和卤代烃是其主要组分,分别占49.23%和24.47%,浓度排名前10的VOCs物种主要为C_(2)~C_(4)的烷烃、C_(7)~C_(8)的芳香烃和乙烯.源解析结果显示杭州市VOCs主要来源为燃烧源、溶剂使用源、工业排放源、油气挥发源和机动车尾气排放源.杭州市大气VOCs的总OFP为50.56×10^(-9),其中乙烯、1-乙基-3-甲基苯和甲苯是其主要贡献组分.芳香烃对AFP的贡献达到91.52%,是最重要的SOA前体物.因此,控制机动车尾气排放和溶剂使用过程中产生的VOCs对防控O_(3)污染以及SOA污染具有重要意义.Based on the observation data of atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in urban areas of Hangzhou from January to December 2021,the chemical composition and the pollution characteristics of VOCs were analyzed,using the positive matrix factorization method(PMF)to do a source analysis survey,the ozone formation potential(OFP)and secondary organic aerosol formation potential(AFP)of VOCs were estimated by using the maximum incremental reactivity(MIR)and aerosol formation coefficient(FAC),their secondary pollution generation contribution was quantitatively evaluated.The results showed that the average volume fraction of atmospheric VOCs in Hangzhou during the observation period was 30.65×10^(-9),alkanes and halogenated hydrocarbons were the main components,accounting for 49.23% and 24.47%respectively,the top 10VOCs species were mainly C_(2)~C_(4)alkanes,C_(7)~C_(8)aromatic hydrocarbons and ethylene,of which propane,ethane and dichloromethane accounted for 34%of the total top 10species.The source analysis results show that the main sources of VOCs in Hangzhou are combustion source,solvent use source,industrial emission source,oil and gas emission source and motor vehicle exhaust emission sources.The total OFP of VOCs in Hangzhou was 50.56×10^(-9),of which ethylene,1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene and toluene were the main contributing components of OFP.The contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to the formation potential of secondary organic aerosols was 91.52%,indicating that aromatic hydrocarbons are the most important SOA precursors,so controlling the emission from motor vehicle exhaust and VOCs generated during solvent use can effectively reduce the generation of SOA.

关 键 词：杭州 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(AFP) 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]