水力条件对PRO工艺效能影响及膜污染机理  

The effects of hydraulic conditions on the efficiency of PRO process and membrane fouling mechanism

作　　者：郑成龙 朱明飞 崔雯 王一涵 鞠欣雨 张欢欢 路孝振 王琳[1,2] 张志斌[1] ZHENG Cheng-long;ZHU Ming-fei;CUI Wen;WANG Yi-han;JU Xin-yu;ZHANG Huan-huan;LU Xiao-zhen;WANG Lin;ZHNAG Zhi-bin(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Ji’nan 250101,China;Resources and Environment Innovation Institute,Shandong Jianzhu University,Ji’nan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东建筑大学资源与环境创新研究院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第4期2103-2110,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51708337);山东建筑大学博士基金资助项目(XNBS1629);山东省“青创人才引育计划”立项建设团队“水环境绿色修复技术研究创新团队”资助项目.

摘　　要：研究以单宁酸和海藻酸钠为模型污染物,考察了有效渗透压差、汲取液侧操作压力、错流剪切力等水力条件对压力阻尼渗透工艺效能的影响,并利用XDLVO理论分析了膜污染机理.结果表明,相比海藻酸钠,单宁酸主要吸附在膜的多孔支撑层内部,造成的膜污染更为严重.当PRO过滤单宁酸时,较高的有效渗透压差和较大的错流剪切力提高了PRO工艺的水通量和功率密度水平,同时加重了膜污染,但是PRO膜对单宁酸的截留率均在85%以上.汲取液侧施加较高的操作压力,一方面减小了有效渗透压差,降低了水通量水平;另一方面提高了功率密度水平并缓解了膜污染,当操作压力从1bar增至4bar时,初始水通量降至10.5L/m^(2)h,而产能提高了200%.XDLVO计算结果表明,单宁酸的界面自由能更高,更容易相互聚合并粘附在PRO膜上,结合水力条件的影响,其造成的通量损失比海藻酸钠更严重.The study investigated the effects of hydraulic conditions,such as effective osmotic pressure difference,operating pressure on the draw solution,and cross-flow shear force,on the efficacy of the pressure retarded osmosis(PRO)process.Tannic acid and sodium alginate were selected as model foulants,and the membrane fouling mechanism was analyzed using the XDLVO theory.The results revealed that tannic acid caused greater membrane fouling compared to sodium alginate,primarily due to its preferential adsorption on the porous support layer of the membrane.Higher effective osmotic pressure difference and cross-flow shear force enhanced water flux and power density levels in the presence of tannic acid as a foulant,but they also exacerbated membrane fouling.Nonetheless,the retention rate of tannic acid in the PRO membrane remained above 85%.Increasing the operating pressure on the draw solution reduced the effective osmotic pressure difference and water flux level,but it enhanced the power density and mitigated membrane fouling.The initial water flux decreased to 10.5L/(m^(2)·h),while the capacity increased by 200% when the operating pressure was raised from 1bar to 4bar.XDLVO calculations demonstrated that tannic acid exhibited higher interface interaction energy,leading to its preferential adsorption and coalescence on the PRO membrane.Consequently,in conjunction with the hydraulic conditions,tannic acid resulted in more significant flux losses compared to sodium alginate.

关 键 词：压力阻尼渗透 水力条件 功率密度 XDLVO理论 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]