静水压对水库泥水界面脱氮潜力的影响  

The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the nitrogen removal potential at the sediment water interface of reservoirs

作　　者：李玉梅 陈凯 何立新 柴蓓蓓 卓天宇 余柯宏 张金楠 雷晓辉[8] LI Yu-mei;CHEN Kai;HE Li-xin;CHAI Bei-bei;ZHUO Tian-yu;YU Ke-hong;ZHANG Jin-nan;LEI Xiao-hui(School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric,Hebei University of Engineering,Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Comprehensive Management of Water Resources,Handan 056038,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy,Handan 056038,China;Handan Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy,Handan 056038,China;Tianjin Water Group Binhai Water Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300308,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北工程大学水利水电学院,水资源智慧调控与综合管理省部共建协同创新中心,河北邯郸056038 [3]河北省智慧水利重点实验室,河北邯郸056038 [4]邯郸市低碳能源重点实验室,河北邯郸056038 [5]天津水务集团滨海水务有限公司,天津300308 [6]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安710054 [7]河北工程大学能源与环境学院,河北邯郸056038 [8]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第4期2119-2129,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(NSFC 51509199);河北省杰出青年科学基金资助项目(E2022402064);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(236Z4101G)。

摘　　要：通过微宇宙模拟实验,结合宏基因测序技术研究了不同静水压条件(大气压、0.2MPa、0.5MPa和0.7MPa)对水库泥水界面微生物群落结构、氮循环功能基因及代谢通路的影响.结果表明:参与氮循环微生物物种数目随静水压增加呈先增加至1227种后减少至1199种,古菌、真菌相对丰度占比随静水压增加分别增加0.002%、0.0006%,细菌占比减少.相较于低静水压,高静水压使微生物群落的生态网络联系更紧密,种间作用更复杂,系统稳定性更强;高静水压通过增强nxrB、narH等功能基因丰度和参与该路径的微生物丰度,来促进反硝化过程,抑制异化性硝酸盐还原作用.且在参与氮循环的微生物中,发现嗜压微生物(变形菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门等)以及嗜压功能基因(ompH、asd),嗜压基因多存在变形菌门中,嗜压基因丰度随静水压升高先增大后减小.静水压通过改变泥水界面处氮循环有关微生物种群结构以及相关功能基因丰度与参与的代谢路径,来提高水库沉积物脱氮潜力,进而控制水库的富营养化.The effects of different hydrostatic conditions(atmospheric pressure,0.2MPa,0.5MPa and 0.7MPa)on microbial community structure,nitrogen cycling function genes and metabolic pathways at the sediment-water interface of reservoir were studied through microcosmic simulation experiments and metagenomics.The results showed that the number of microbial species involved in nitrogen cycling increased first to 1227 and then decreased to 1199 with the increase of hydrostatic pressure.The relative abundances of archaea and fungi increased by 0.002%and 0.0006% with the increase of hydrostatic pressure,while the proportion of bacteria decreased.High hydrostatic pressure fostered closer ecological network connections,intricate interspecific interactions,and enhanced system stability compared to low pressure.Furthermore,increased hydrostatic pressure facilitated denitrification and repressed dissimilatory nitrate reduction by augmenting the abundance of functional genes such as nxrB and narH,alongside the participating microorganism abundance.Moreover,piezophilic taxa(e.g.,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Bacteroidetes)and genes(e.g.,ompH,asd)were identified among nitrogen-cycling microorganisms,with a predominant presence in Proteobacteria.Their abundance initially grew and then declined with rising pressure.Hydrostatic pressure can improve the nitrogen removal potential of reservoir sediments by altering the microbial population structure,related functional gene abundance,and metabolic pathways involved in the nitrogen cycle at the sediment-water interface,thereby mitigating reservoir eutrophication.

关 键 词：宏基因组 静水压 微生物群落结构 氮循环 水库沉积物 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]