Toll样受体7激动剂治疗过敏性疾病的研究进展  

Research Advances of Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonists in the Treatment of Allergic Diseases

作　　者：王玲 蔡铠红 詹文珠 殷国干 叶琳 WANG Ling;CAI Kaihong;ZHAN Wenzhu;YIN Guogan;YE Lin(Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute,Shenzhen Eye Hospital,Jinan University,Shenzhen 518040,China;Shenzhen R&D Center of State Key Laboratory of Virology,Shenzhen Institute of Wuhan University,Shenzhen 518057,China;Department of Ophthalmic Plastic Lacrimal Apparatus,Shenzhen Eye Hospital,Jinan University,Shenzhen 518040,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学附属深圳市眼科医院眼病防治研究所,深圳518040 [2]武汉大学深圳研究院病毒学重点实验室深圳研发中心,深圳518057 [3]暨南大学附属深圳市眼科医院眼整形泪器病科,深圳518040

出　　处：《医药导报》2024年第5期769-773,共5页Herald of Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870626、82371030);广东省高水平临床重点专科深圳市配套建设经费资助项目(SZGSP014)。

摘　　要：Toll样受体(TLR)7是TLR家族中的一员,是Ⅰ型跨膜糖蛋白,由细胞质Toll/白细胞介素-1受体同源性(TIR)信号传导结构域和包含19~25个串联富含亮氨酸重复基序的外部抗原识别结构域组成。人体内TLR7主要分布在浆树突状细胞(pDC)和B细胞的胞体内体膜上,通过高尔基体的囊泡从内质网穿梭至内体。内体膜上的TLR7与病毒来源的单链RNA分子或咪唑啉类似物结合从而被激活,进一步诱导Ⅰ型干扰素的合成,从而启动辅助性T淋巴细胞(TH)1细胞的激活,快速招募炎症细胞到感染部分,发挥抗病毒、抗肿瘤以及抗过敏的功能。TLR7激活后由于具有调节TH1/TH2细胞比例的作用,其配体用于治疗过敏性疾病的研究日益受到关注。该文围绕TLR7激动剂对过敏性哮喘、过敏性鼻炎以及过敏性脑炎的临床前研究和临床试验研究进行综述,以期为过敏性疾病的治疗提供新思路。TLR7,a member of the Toll-like receptor family,is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that consists of an external antigen recognition domain with 19-25 tandem leucine-rich repeat motifs and a cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology(TIR)signaling domain.TLR7 is mainly distributed in the inner membrane of plasma dendritic cells(pDC)and B cells in humans,and it shuttles from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosome through the vesicles of the Golgi apparatus.TLR7 becomes activated when it detects single-stranded RNA molecules from viruses,which triggers the production of type I interferon,the activation of TH1 cells,the rapid recruitment of inflammatory cells to the infected tissue,and the performance of antiviral,antitumor,and anti-allergic functions.There is a growing interest in using TLR7 agonists to treat allergic diseases,as its activation can control the ratio of TH1/TH2 cells.This article summarized preclinical research and clinical trials using TLR7 agonists for treating allergic rhinitis,allergic asthma,and allergic encephalitis,providing new viewpoints on the treatment of these diseases.

关 键 词：TLR7激动剂 TOLL样受体 过敏性哮喘 过敏性鼻炎 过敏性脑炎 

分 类 号：R976[医药卫生—药品] R969.3[医药卫生—药学]