诉源治理语境下对规范性文件的检察监督——以生效行政裁判为中心  

Procuratorial supervision of normative documents in the context of litigation source management——focusing on effective administrative adjudication

作　　者：温辉[1] Wen Hui(National Prosecutor’s College,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国家检察官学院,北京102206

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2024年第1期2-9,共8页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》第53条规定原告一并请求审查规范性文件的立法目的,在于从源头和行政行为依据上避免违法行为、解决行政争议。规范性文件检察监督既是检察机关参与社会治理的重要举措,也是检察机关作为“保障国家法律统一正确实施的司法机关”的职责所在。规范性文件检察监督,既可以依当事人申请启动,也可以依职权发现启动。人民法院合法性认定错误是否属于检察机关行政诉讼监督范围,需要结合案件实际情况判定:对于规范性文件合法性认定错误,导致“原判决、裁定适用法律、法规确有错误的”,按照监督规则应当提请抗诉,也可考虑以再审检察建议的方式进行监督;在适用《人民检察院行政诉讼监督规则》第97条时,则需要从立法体制和备案审查制度发展的角度全面检视、理解、把握。Article 53 of the“Administrative Litigation Law of the People’s Republic of China”stipulates that the legislative purpose of the plaintiff’s request to review normative documents is to avoid illegal acts and resolve administrative disputes from the source and the basis of administrative actions.The procuratorial supervision of normative documents is not only an important measure for the procuratorial organs to participate in social governance,but also the responsibilities of the procuratorial organs as“the judicial organs to ensure the unified and correct implementation of national laws.”Procuratorial supervision of normative documents can be initiated upon application by the parties concerned or upon ex officio discovery.Whether the people’s court’s error in determining the legality falls within the scope of administrative litigation supervision by the procuratorial organ needs to be determined based on the actual circumstances of the case:if the error in the legality determination of normative documents results in“the original judgment or ruling’s application of laws and regulations being indeed erroneous”,a protest should be lodged according to the supervision rules,and supervision through retrial procuratorial suggestions may also be considered;when applying Article 97 of the“People’s Procuratorate Administrative Litigation Supervision Rules”,it is necessary to comprehensively examine,understand and grasp from the perspective of the development of the legislative system and the filing and review system.

关 键 词：规范性文件 一并审查 合法性 检察监督 诉源治理 

分 类 号：D926.3[政治法律—法学] D925.3