基于灰色关联分析的纵扭超声辅助对电火花微孔加工影响评价  

Evaluation of the Influence of Longitudinal and Torsional Ultrasonic Vibration Assistance on Micro-hole in Electric Discharge Machining Based on Grey Relational Analysis

作　　者：李孝阳 于大国[1,2] 杜怡洁 殷振 王鹏翔 LI Xiaoyang;YU Daguo;DU Yijie;YIN Zhen;WANG Pengxiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan Shanxi 030051,China;Shanxi Deep Hole Processing Engineering Technology Research Center,Taiyuan Shanxi 030051,China;School of Economics and Management,North University of China,Taiyuan Shanxi 030051,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou Jiangsu 215000,China;College of Intelligence Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha Hunan 410022,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]山西省深孔加工工程技术研究中心,山西太原030051 [3]中北大学经济与管理学院,山西太原030051 [4]苏州科技大学机械工程学院,江苏苏州215000 [5]国防科技大学智能科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410022

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第7期49-59,共11页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022C006)。

摘　　要：TC4钛合金是航空航天领域经常加工的材料,由于其难切削的特点通常使用电火花进行加工,但存在加工效率与废屑排除的问题。纵扭超声振动可以有效优化如上弊端,但目前没有严谨定量的科学分析证明纵扭超声辅助对电火花加工的优化程度。因此提出纵扭超声辅助电火花放电能量模型,阐明放电机制以及放电能量的影响因素;设置单因素试验和正交试验,通过显著性T检验探索纵扭超声振动对电火花加工的影响程度,通过建立灰色关联分析模型分析电参数的影响权重并选出最优参数组,最后通过打孔试验验证了选优结果的正确性。研究结果表明:峰值电流和脉冲宽度对加工效率和质量的影响较为明显,引入纵扭超声振动明显改善了电火花加工性能,最优峰值电流从2 A提升至3 A,脉冲宽度从125μs提升至150μs,材料去除率提升了83.8%,相对电极损耗率、孔锥度和表面粗糙度分别降低了33.7%、22.3%和16.4%。TC4 titanium alloy is a frequently processed material in aerospace field.Due to its difficult cutting characteristics,it is usually processed by electrical discharge machining(EDM),but there are problems in processing efficiency and debris removal.Longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration can effectively optimize the above disadvantages,but there is no rigorous quantitative scientific analysis to prove the optimization degree of the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration assistance on EDM.Therefore,a discharge energy model of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration assisted EDM was proposed to explain the discharge mechanism and the influencing factors of discharge energy.Single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were set up to explore the influence of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration on EDM by significance T test.Grey relational analysis model was established to analyze the influence weight of electrical parameters and the optimal parameter array was selected.Finally,the correctness of the optimal results was verified by hole processing experiment.The results show that the peak current and pulse width have obvious effects on the machining efficiency and quality.The introduction of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration significantly improves the machining performance of EDM.The optimal peak current is increased from 2 A to 3 A,and the pulse width is increased from 125μs to 150μs,the material removal rate is increased by 83.8% and the relative tool wear rate,hole taper and surface roughness are decreased by 33.7%,22.3% and 16.4% separately.

关 键 词：纵扭超声辅助电火花加工 显著性T检验 正交试验 灰色关联分析 参数选优 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]