马克思《莱茵报》时期法哲学思想中的人民理性观  

The People’s Rational View in Philosophy of Law during the Period of Marx’s Rheinische Zeitung

作　　者：刘海江 LIU Hai-jiang

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院马克思主义学院,潮州521041

出　　处：《北方论丛》2024年第3期15-22,共8页The Northern Forum

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划一般项目“马克思早期自然法思想研究”(GD21CZX04)。

摘　　要：在西方传统法哲学思想中,对理性的不同理解直接关涉到国家和法的基础问题。康德坚持的是形式主义的理性观,黑格尔则对理性做了客观唯心主义的处理。马克思在《莱茵报》时期认为人们的现实生活及其需要就是法律的基础,从而把理性和广大人民的生活习惯及其利益联系起来,体现了人民理性观。在立法问题上,马克思认为由法律的理智思维方式所决定的立法途径的局限性使得穷人合乎理性的习惯法在法律上得不到体现;在国家中,封建政府官僚的理智思维方式也导致他们只会简单按照法律做事,看不到普通劳动人民利益的普遍性质。这种人民理性观影响着马克思此后的思想探索路向。In the traditional western ideologies of legal philosophy,the different understanding of rationality is directly related to the basic problems of state and law.Kant insisted on the rational view of formalism,while Hegel treated rationality with objective idealism.In the period of Rheinische Zeitung,Marx believed that people’s real life and needs were the basis of law,thus linking rationality with the living habits and interests of the broad masses of people,reflecting the people’s view of rationality.On the issue of legislation,Marx believes that the limitations of the legislative approach determined by the way of rational thinking of the law make the rational customary law of the poor not reflected in the law;in the country,the way of rational thinking of the feudal government bureaucrats also led them to simply act in accordance with the law,and could not see the universal nature of the interests of ordinary working people.This view of people’s rationality affects the direction of Marx’s ideological exploration since then.

关 键 词：马克思 法哲学 理性 人民理性观 理智 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] D90[政治法律—法学理论]