菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)对镉、铅、锌复合污染土壤的修复潜力  

Remediation Potential of Helianthus Tuberosus on Cadmium,Lead and Zinc Compound Contaminated Soil

作　　者：黄意成 范拴喜[1,2] 李丹 孙旻涵 张楠 HUANG Yicheng;FAN Shuanxi;LI Dan;SUN Minhan;ZHANG Nan(College of Geography and Environment Engineering,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji Shaanxi 721013,China;Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji Shaanxi 721013,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《地球与环境》2024年第1期96-103,共8页Earth and Environment

基　　金：陕西省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2020SF-438);宝鸡文理学院博士启动资金。

摘　　要：菊芋是一种生物量大、生长旺盛、易于栽培的能源作物。为探究菊芋对镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)复合污染土壤的修复潜力,利用土培盆栽和原位大田试验,研究菊芋对Cd、Pb、Zn复合胁迫的生长特性、富集特征、去除率及修复潜力。结果表明:随着盆栽土壤中Cd、Pb、Zn含量的增加,菊芋的株高、生物量先降低再升高再降低,SOD酶活性先升高再降低再升高,CAT酶活性先升高再降低,POD酶活性总体表现为逐渐升高。菊芋对Cd的富集系数范围为1.08~1.79,转运系数范围为2.05~6.27,地上部Cd最大积累量达到98.25 mg/kg;Pb富集系数范围为0.77~1.31,转运系数范围为3.41~5.67,地上部Pb最大累积量为585.81 mg/kg;Zn富集系数范围为0.44~0.79,转运系数范围为1.69~3.33,地上部Zn最大累积量为2668.04 mg/kg。原位大田试验中,菊芋地上部Cd、Pb、Zn含量范围分别为125.79~201.08 mg/kg、1075.99~1525.46 mg/kg、6896.21~7443.66 mg/kg,每亩受污染土壤种植2茬菊芋对Cd、Pb、Zn的年去除率分别为5.16%~9.04%、10.84%~16.90%、4.60%~5.46%。菊芋具有较好的Cd、Pb、Zn复合胁迫耐受性和修复潜力,可作为Cd、Pb、Zn复合污染土壤修复的潜在超富集植物种质资源,具有较好的应用前景。Helianthus tuberosus is one of cash crop with features of great biomass,vigorous growth and easy cultivation.To study the remediation potential of Helianthus tuberosus on cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb)and zinc(Zn)contaminated soil,pot experiment and field experiment were carried out to explore the characteristics of the tolerance,accumulation,removal rate and repair potential of Helianthus tuberosus to combined pollution of Cd,Pb and Zn.With the increase of Cd,Pb and Zn contents in potted soil,the plant length and biomass of Helianthus tuberosus first decreased,then increased and then decreased,SOD activity first increased,then decreased and then increased,CAT enzyme activity first increased and then decreased.The activity of POD enzyme increased gradually.The BCF of Cd was between 1.08 and 1.79,the TF of the Cd was between 2.05 and 6.27,and the maximum accumulation of Cd in the shoots was 98.25 mg/kg.The BCF of Pb was between 0.77 and 1.31,the TF of the Pb was between 3.41 and 5.67,and the maximum accumulation of Pb in the shoots was 585.81 mg/kg.The BCF of Zn was between 0.44 and 0.79,the TF of the Zn was between 1.69 and 3.33,and the maximum accumulation of Zn in the shoots was 2668.04 mg/kg.In the field experiment,the contents of Cd,Pb and Zn in the shoots of Helianthus tuberosus ranged from 125.79 to 201.08 mg/kg,1075.99 to 1525.46 mg/kg,6896.21 to 7443.66 mg/kg,respectively,and the annual removal rates of Cd,Pb and Zn by planting Helianthus tuberosus twice per mu of contaminated soil were 5.16%-9.04%,10.84%-16.90% and 4.60%-5.46% respectively.Helianthus tuberosus has certain tolerance and accumulation capacity to Cd,Pb and Zn combined stress.It can be used as a potential hyperaccumulator germplasm resource for remediation of Cd,Pb and Zn combined pollution soil,and has good application prospects.

关 键 词：植物修复 菊芋 复合污染土壤 重金属 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173