工业废水综合毒性评价方法及其应用研究进展  

Research progress in the whole toxicity evaluation methods of industrial wastewater and their application

作　　者：高品[1] 于晓霏 杨婧[2] 陈晓倩[2] GAO Pin;YU Xiaofei;YANG Jing;CHEN Xiaoqian(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Bioassay and Safety Assessment Laboratory,Shanghai Academy of Public Measurement,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海市检测中心生物与安全检测实验室,上海201203

出　　处：《工业水处理》2024年第4期19-29,共11页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978136);东华大学2023年度校级一流本科课程建设项目(DHYLA-2023-17);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2232022A-10);工业废水综合毒性测试与评价指南标准项目(SSES-TB-2022-01)。

摘　　要：我国目前实施的工业废水处理排放标准无法客观而准确地评价废水水质安全性。系统梳理了国内外废水综合毒性评价方法体系的特点和应用状况,其中重点探讨了废水综合毒性检测(WET)、直接毒性评估(DTA)、废水综合评估(WEA)的特点和应用。对比分析并总结了我国在废水综合毒性指标体系和评价方法等方面的不足,从物种选择、试验流程和评价方法等方面提出了建立废水综合毒性评价体系的合理化建议,指出我国应综合考虑废水污染物特征、排放方式、受纳水环境质量等实际状况,建立符合我国国情的废水综合毒性控制指标和评价方法体系。In China,the present implemented industrial wastewater discharge standards cannot objectively and cor-rectly evaluate wastewater safety.The characteristics and application of the whole effluent toxicity evaluation meth-ods at home and abroad were systematically summarized.The characteristics and application of whole effluent toxic-ity(WET),direct toxicity assessment(DTA),and whole effluent assessment(WEA)were emphatically discussed.The deficiencies of the comprehensive toxicity index system and evaluation methods of wastewater in China were analyzed.Reasonable suggestions on the establishment of the comprehensive toxicity methodology were proposed from aspects of species selection,experimental process and evaluation method.Finally,the actual situations of the characteristics of wastewater pollutants,discharge mode and environmental quality of receiving water should be con-sidered as establishing comprehensive toxicity indices and evaluation methodology in line with Chinese national con-ditions.

关 键 词：工业废水 综合毒性评价 水生态安全 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]