中美贸易争端对中国玉米生产和消费的影响  

Impact of trade disputes between China and the United States on Chinese corn production and consumption

作　　者：黄琼慧 康豫 张冬平 HUANG Qionghui;KANG Yu;ZHANG Dongping(College of Economics and Management,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学经济与管理学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2024年第2期318-324,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72273039);河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目(2020CJJ084);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A790006);河南农业大学哲学社会科学创新基金项目(SKJJ2023B04)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析贸易争端对中国玉米生产和消费的影响,从而找到提升玉米竞争力的主要途径。【方法】采取定量分析与定性分析相结合和比较分析等方法,对中国玉米的贸易现状进行了分析,在此基础上,以生产玉米量较大的美国作为分析对象,通过对中美两国玉米的生产量、生产成本、生产价格及消费量进行了比较分析。【结果】中美贸易争端对中国玉米生产和消费的影响较大,具体表现为中美贸易争端直接导致中国进口美国玉米量大幅下跌;面对巨大的国内市场需求,玉米的市场供给量减少,供需矛盾逐年加剧,玉米的价格不断攀升;农民加大投入导致生产成本不断上涨,生产量也逐渐提高。【结论】中美贸易争端对中国玉米市场的影响较为明显,说明中国玉米进口依赖性较大,参与国际竞争力明显不足。国家应该采取拓展进口市场和渠道,实施进口市场多元化。加大科技投入,实现玉米生产方式的转变。降低玉米生产成本,调整玉米种植结构。加大玉米补贴力度,实现补贴形式多样化等系列措施,切实提高玉米的竞争力,减少对国际玉米市场的依赖性。【Objective】This study aims to analyze the impact of trade disputes on Chinese corn production and consumption,so as to find the main way to improve the competitiveness of corn.【Method】In combination of quantitative analysis,qualitative analysis and comparative analysis,this paper analyzed the current trade situation of Chinese corn,on this basis,the United States,with a larger production output of corn,is taken as the analysis object,and a comparative analysis of the production volume,production costs,production prices,and consumption volume of corn was conducted between China and the United States.【Result】The trade dispute between China and the United States has had a great impact on corn production and consumption in China.Concrete manifestations are as follows:the trade dispute between China and the United States has directly led to a sharp drop in China’s imports of corn from the United States.Facing the huge domestic market demand,the market supply of corn has decreased,the contradiction between supply and demand is intensifying year by year,the price of corn is rising,increased investment by farmers has led to rising production costs,and production output is also gradually increasing.【Conclusion】The trade dispute between China and the United States has had an obvious impact on China’s corn market,which indicates that China has a relatively high dependence on corn imports and its participation in international competitiveness is obviously insufficient.China should adopt a series of measures,such as expanding the import market and channels,implementing import market diversification.Increasing the investment in science and technology,realizing the transformation of corn production methods.Reducing corn production costs,adjusting corn planting structures.Increasing corn subsidies,and diversifying the forms of subsidies effectively to improve the competitiveness of corn and reduce the dependence on the international corn market.

关 键 词：贸易争端 玉米 生产 消费 

分 类 号：F742[经济管理—国际贸易] F312[经济管理—产业经济]