不同林龄华北落叶松优势木生长与空间结构的关联性  

Correlation Between Growth and Spatial Structure of Dominant Trees in Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii Plantations at Different Ages

作　　者：倪靖峰 吕世琪 王占印 周超凡 刘宪钊[1] Ni jingfeng;Lv shiqi;Wang zhanyin;Zhou chaofan;Liu xianzhao(Key Laboratory of Forest Management and Growth Modeling,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Wenyuhe National Wetland Park Management Bureau of Shanxi Province,Lvliang 030199,China;Jiangxi Provincial Forest Resources Conservation Center,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,国家林业和草原局森林经营与生长模拟重点实验室,北京100091 [2]山西省文峪河国家级湿地公园管理局,吕梁030199 [3]江西省森林资源保护中心,南昌330046

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2024年第1期1-10,共10页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2200803);国家自然科学基金项目(32271878)。

摘　　要：【目的】优势木的生长与其周围的相邻木密切相关,探究不同林龄林分中相邻木构成的空间结构特征对目标林木生长的影响,可以为调整空间结构进而激发林分生长潜力提供理论依据。【方法】选择27 a、37 a和46 a 3种不同林龄的华北落叶松人工林,分别设置面积为90 m×60 m、120 m×120 m和120 m×120 m的大样地,以优势木和其最近4株邻近木构建空间结构单元,计算每株优势木的角尺度、大小比数、混交度和密集度等指标,分析不同林龄中优势木在不同空间结构间的生长差异。【结果】优势木胸径和树高年均增长量均有显著的林龄差异,年均增长量随林龄增大而降低。在27 a林分的结构单元中,处于随机分布、优势、零度混交和密集状态的优势木占比最高,优势木平均胸径分别在角尺度为0.50、大小比数为0、混交度为0.75和密集度为1时最大,优势木平均树高分别在角尺度为0、大小比数为0、混交度为0.75和密集度为0.75时最大。在37 a的结构单元中,处于随机分布、优势、零度混交和非常密集状态的优势木占比最高,优势木平均胸径分别在角尺度为0.50、大小比数为0、混交度为0.5和密集度为0时最大,优势木平均树高分别在角尺度为0、大小比数为0、混交度为0.25和密集度为1时最大。在46 a的结构单元中,处于随机分布、优势、零度混交和稀疏状态的优势木占比最高,优势木平均胸径分别在角尺度为0.50、大小比数为0和密集度为0时最大,优势木平均树高分别在角尺度为0、大小比数为0和密集度为0时最大。【结论】水平分布格局、树种多样性、自身个体大小和树冠竞争影响优势木生长特征。在演替过程中,优势木朝着减小聚集程度和竞争压力的方向上发展,适当提升优势木的混交程度和保证优势木个体的生长优势利于其胸径和树高生长。在质量选择阶段,宜进一步选择生长好的【Objective】The growth of dominant trees is closely related to that of their neighboring trees,and exploring the influence of the spatial structure characteristics of the neighboring trees in differently-aged forests on the growth of target trees can provide a theoretical basis for adjusting the spatial structure to stimulate the growth potential of forest stands.【Methods】We selected three Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii plantation stands in different ages(27,37 and 46 years),and set up large sample plots of 90 m×60 m,120 m×120 m and 120 m×120 m,respectively.Took the dominant tree and its 4 nearest neighbor trees as the spatial structural unit,calculated the indexes of uniform angle index,dominance,mingling and crowding of each dominant tree,and analyzed the growth differences of dominant trees among different spatial structures in the stands with different ages.【Results】The average annual increase of diameter at breast height(DBH)and tree height(H)of dominant trees were significantly different among forest ages,and the average annual increase of DBH and H decreased with the forest age rising.In the structural unit of the 27-years stand,the proportion of dominant trees with the random distribution,dominant,zero mixed,and crowded state was the highest.The mean DBH of dominant trees was the greatest at a uniform angle index of 0.50,a dominance of 0,a mingling of 0.75,and a crowding of 1,respectively,and the mean tree height of dominant trees was the greatest at a uniform angle index of 0,a dominance of 0,a mingling of 0.75,and a crowding of 0.75,respectively.In the structural units of the 37-years stand,the dominant trees in random distribution,dominant,zero mixed and very crowded state had the highest proportion.The mean DBH of dominant trees reached the maximum when the uniform angle index was 0.50,the dominance was 0,the mingling was 0.50 and the crowding was 0,respectively,and the mean tree height of dominant trees was maximum when the uniform angle index was 0,the domiance was 0,the ming

关 键 词：发育阶段 结构单元 空间结构参数 优势木 生长 

分 类 号：S757[农业科学—森林经理学]