重庆大足石刻舒成岩砂岩本体表面风化产物研究  

Research on the weathering products of the superficial rock of Dazu Shuchengyan,Chongqing

作　　者：陈卉丽 程普 韩秀兰 冯太彬 易泽平 凡小盼 金普军[2] CHEN Huili;CHENG Pu;HAN Xiulan;FENG Taibin;YI Zeping;FAN Xiaopan;JIN Pujun(The Academy of Dazu Rock Carvings,Chongqing 402360,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,710119 Xi’an,China;Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 400131,China)

机构地区：[1]大足石刻研究院,重庆大足402360 [2]陕西师范大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710119 [3]重庆师范大学,重庆400131

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第2期63-72,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：陕西省青年基金项目资助(2021JQ-305);陕西省重点科技创新团队资助(2022TD-35);陕西师范大学中央高校重点项目资助(GK201902014);陕西省科技厅重点研发项目资助(2020SF-355);重庆市大足区基础研究与前沿探索、技术预见与制度创新项目资助(2021ABB1001)。

摘　　要：针对重庆大足舒成岩摩崖造像和岩体富集灰尘部位出现的粉化伴随着层状剥落现象,采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、X-射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X-射线光电子谱(XPS)对岩石、岩体风化产物与灰尘样品进行了组成结构表征研究。研究发现灰尘和有害气体干沉降过程中酸性物质能够导致砂岩中钙质胶结物发生溶解,伴随着各种盐类结晶应力,导致岩石表层发生风化。研究成果为西南地区石窟寺保护提供了重要参考数据。The statues of Shuchengyan Rock in Dazu were carved on a whole sand stone and are sheltered and protected by pseudoclassic architecture,but the rock surface,which is covered with a thick layer of dust,has begun to pulverize and peel off.With the help of analytical methods,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray florescence(XRF)spectrometry,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS),it was found that the acid substances from dust and the dry deposition of harmful gas could destroy the calcareous cement.This,along with salt crystallization,has caused serious weathering of the rock surface.These research results provide an important reference for the protection of grottoes in southwest China.

关 键 词：大足石刻 舒成岩 石窟寺 岩石风化 硫酸钙 

分 类 号：K879.27[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]