激光基准公路边坡稳定性网联监测系统  

Highway Slope Stability IoT Monitoring System Based on Laser Datum

作　　者：吴锋 王会峰[2] 温立民[2] 王晓艳[2] WU Feng;WANG Hui-feng;WEN Li-min;WANG Xiao-yan(Rural Road Maintenance Center in Hanbin District,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China;School of Electronic and Control Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]汉滨区农村公路养护中心,陕西安康725000 [2]长安大学电子与控制工程学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2024年第2期79-87,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52172324);陕西省交通运输厅科研项目(20-38T)。

摘　　要：针对在役公路高危边坡对稳定性监测的高精度、实时性、远程需求,提出了一种基于FPGA解算高精度激光基准的光电图像式变形测量监测方法。激光网联监测系统分为激光发射单元和智能靶标接收单元,按功能实现靶标FPGA模块的合理划分,自定义设计了用于无线通信的COM接口。为提高系统精度,设计了靶标暗盒结构,使入射激光从纵向裂缝处透射到光屏,避免环境光干扰。为获得恒定功率的激光光源,设计了三环反馈结构的恒功率激光发射装置。为获得稳定的光斑,采用融合与连通算法,实现光斑的精准定位。建立从世界坐标系到像素坐标系的变换矩阵,通过张氏标定法求解监测系统的内参矩阵和外参矩阵,实现监测系统的三维标定。为更好地完成边坡沉降的远程数据传输,采用WEB技术为边坡监测系统开发远程界面,建立基于MySQL数据库的数据存储与处理系统,并安装于安康市汉滨区张滩-坝河段公路处。实测表明:边坡稳定性监测系统最大监测误差为0.25 mm,误差百分比小于2.99%;开发的基于云端网络的WEB远程界面系统功能完善,界面友好,可以满足边坡稳定性监测需求;通过为期1 a的边坡沉降对比测试,本研究测试结果要优于LM优化BP神经网络算法结果,表明本研究测试精度可以满足边坡沉降精度需求。In order to meet the high precision,real-time and long-distance requirements of stability monitoring for in-service high-risk highway slope,a photoelectric image-based deformation monitoring method based on FPGA to solve high-precision laser datum is proposed.The laser network monitoring system is divided into laser transmitting unit and intelligent target receiving unit.According to the function of the target FPGA module,the COM interface for wireless communication is designed.In order to improve the precision of the system,the target obscura structure is designed,which makes the incident laser transmitted from the longitudinal crack to the light screen and avoids the environmental light interference.In order to obtain a constant power laser source,a three-loop feedback structure of constant power laser emitting device is designed.In order to obtain a stable spot,the algorithm of fusion and connection is used to realize the accurate location of the spot.The transformation matrix from the world coordinate system to the pixel coordinate system is established,the internal and external parameter matrices of the monitoring system are solved by Zhang’s calibration method,and the three-dimensional calibration of the monitoring system is realized.In order to complete the remote data transmission of slope settlement,WEB technology is used to develop remote interface for slope monitoring system,and a data storage and processing system based on MySQL database is established and installed at Zhangtan-Bahe section in Hanbin District,Ankang.The result shows that(1)the maximum monitoring error of slope stability monitoring system is 0.25 mm,and the error percentage is less than 2.99%;(2)the developed WEB remote interface system based on cloud network has perfect function and friendly interface,which can meet the needs of slope stability monitoring;(3)compared with the current 1 a monitoring,the test result of the study is better than that of the LM-optimized BP neural network algorithm,showing that the accuracy of the study

关 键 词：道路工程 稳定性监测 激光 公路边坡 FPGA 

分 类 号：U416.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]