东魁杨梅高温干旱调查与防御对策研究  

Investigation and prevention strategies of high temperature and drought damage of Dongkui bayberry

作　　者：周瑜 ZHOU Yu(Zhejiang Taizhou Huangyan District Meteorology Bureau,Huangyan,Zhejiang,318020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省台州市黄岩区气象局,浙江黄岩318020

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第2期97-102,共6页South China Fruits

摘　　要：2022年6—8月浙江省台州市黄岩区出现了连续高温干旱天气,多项高温、干旱指标超过历史记录,对黄岩东魁杨梅造成严重伤害。为了解高温热害、干旱对东魁杨梅的影响原因和为害规律,对黄岩杨梅的主要产区和典型基地进行了调查分析。结果表明,当年东魁杨梅受害率达73%,灾情指数达21.4。高温热害影响范围广,叠加干旱后影响严重,死亡率达1.9%,还有3.6%树势遭受严重影响,次年无法形成产量。其次,热害干旱强烈抑制了东魁杨梅的夏梢抽发。研究认为,微环境对旱情造成了一定的影响,对以后杨梅靶向抗旱提供了一定参考价值。另外,针对灾情提出了高温抗旱管理的若干对策措施,为来年健树壮果奠定基础。Continuous hot and dry weather occurred in Huangyan District,Taizhou City,Zhejiang Province from June to August 2022,and several high-temperature and drought indexes exceeded the historical record,causing serious damage to Huangyan Dongkui bayberry.The main production areas and typical bases of Huangyan bayberry were investigated and analyzed in order to understand the causes of high temperature and drought damage to Dongkui bayberry.The results showed that the damage rate of Dongkui bayberry was 73%and the disaster index was 21.4.The high temperature and heat damage impacted a wide range of production.The impact was serious after the combination of drought,the mortality rate was 1.9%,and 3.6%of trees were seriously affected,and the production could not be formed in the next year.Secondly,heat damage and drought strongly inhibited the summer flush of Dongkui bayberry.It was concluded that the microenvironment had a certain effect on drought,which provided some reference value for targeted drought resistance of bayberry in the future.In addition,according to the disaster situation,some countermeasures of high temperature and drought management were put forward,which laid the foundation for strengthening the tree and fruit for next year.

关 键 词：东魁杨梅 高温 干旱 微环境 抗旱 

分 类 号：S667.6[农业科学—果树学]