猕猴桃根腐病根际土壤酶活性及真菌群落组成研究  

Research on soil enzyme activity and fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of Actinidia chinensis Planch with root rot

作　　者：陈海生[1] 陈韬略 蔡林生 李振宇 方昉[1] 金思远 CHEN Haisheng;CHEN Taolue;CAI Linsheng;LI Zhenyu;FANG Fang;JIN Siyuan(Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,311231,China;College of Mathematics and Computer Science,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江同济科技职业学院,杭州311231 [2]浙江农林大学数学与计算机学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第2期144-151,共8页South China Fruits

基　　金：浙江省科技厅公益性项目(LGN18C030002);浙江省水利厅科技计划项目(RC1720)资助。

摘　　要：分析猕猴桃根腐病感病植株和未感病植株根际土壤真菌群落差异,可为研究猕猴桃根腐病发生机制及其调控技术提供依据。在浙江省天台县街头镇的“红阳”猕猴桃种植基地,以树龄9年的猕猴桃根腐病感病植株和未感病植株根际土壤真菌为研究对象,对菌群ITS序列进行高通量测序注释后,对比分析了真菌群落结构与多样性指数的差异,并测定分析了根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性。结果表明,猕猴桃根腐病的发生极显著地降低了根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶的活性(p<0.01)。感病植株根际土壤真菌群落丰富度指数(Chao1)显著低于未感病植株根际土壤(p<0.05)。在门分类水平上,感病植株根际土壤真菌中相对丰度降低的有担子菌门、未分类真菌和接合菌门,其差异均为极显著(p<0.01);相对丰度升高的为子囊菌门,其差异达极显著水平(p<0.01)。在属分类水平上,感病植株根际土壤真菌相对丰度增加的有赤霉菌属、丛赤壳属、镰刀菌属、假裸囊菌属和肉座菌属,其差异均达极显著水平(p<0.01);相对丰度降低的有未分类伞菌纲、枝鼻菌属、粗糙孔菌属、线虫草属、支顶孢属、粪盘菌属、木霉属和被孢霉属,其差异均达极显著水平(p<0.01)。猕猴桃感染根腐病后,根际土壤真菌在门和属水平上的菌群变化打破了原有的微生物拮抗平衡关系。Study of fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of Actinidia chinensis Planch infected and non-infected by root rot disease can provide a theoretical basis for studying the occurrence mechanism and control of kiwifruit root rot.Samples of rhizosphere soil of 9-year-old kiwifruit tree infected and non-infected by kiwifruit root rot disease were collected in Hongyang kiwifruit orchards in Jietou Town,Tiantai County,Zhejiang Province to analyze the differences between fungal community structure and diversity index,and determine the activities of soil urease,sucrase and acid phosphatase by high throughput sequencing techniques.Results showed that the activities of soil urease,sucrase,phosephatase in rhizosphere soil of Actinidia chinensis Planch infected by root rot disease were extremely significantly inhibited(p<0.01),and the Chao1 indexes of fungal were significantly lower that of non-infected plants(p<0.05).At phylum level,the average relative abundance of some dominant fungal in rhizosphere soil of root rot disease infected kiwifruit plants were extremely significantly lower than those of non-infected plants(p<0.01),such as Basidiomycota,Fungi-unclassified and Zygomycota,while the average relative abundance of Ascomycota in rhizosphere soil of infected kiwifruit plants were extremely significantly higher than that of non-infected plants(p<0.01).At genus level,the increased relative abundance of fungal in rhizosphere soil of infected kiwifruit plants including Gibberella,Nectria,Fusarium,Pseudogymnoascus and Hypocrea with extreme significance(p<0.01),while the decreased relative abundance of fungal in rhizosphere soil of infected kiwifruit plants including Agaricomycetes-unclassified,Cladorrhinum,Trechispora,Ophiocordyceps,Acremonium,Ascobolus,Trichoderma and Mortierella with extreme significance(p<0.01).After root rot infection,the microflora changed at the phylum and genus level of rhizosphere soil fungi and broke the original microbial antagonistic balance.

关 键 词：猕猴桃根腐病 高通量测序 真菌群落结构 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S436.634.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]