不同有机肥对土壤及核桃果实品质的影响  

Effects of different organic fertilizers on soil and walnut fruit quality

作　　者：李艳[1,2] 王芳 陈燕燕[1] 张文龙 张锐 王红霞[1] 安秀红[1] LI Yan;WANG Fang;CHEN Yanyan;ZHANG Wenlong;ZHANG Rui;WANG Hongxia;AN Xiuhong(Mountainous Areas Research Institute,Hebei Agricultural University/Technology Innovation Center for Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province/National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding,Hebei O71000,China;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei O71000,China;School of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学山区研究所/河北省山区农业技术创新中心/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000 [3]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第2期178-185,共8页South China Fruits

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200402);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326352D)资助。

摘　　要：为探究“辽宁1号”核桃较适宜的有机肥,在河北省隆尧县红沙峪生态农业科技有限公司核桃园以10年生“辽宁1号”核桃树为试验材料,利用半焦肥、鸡粪及生物菌肥3种有机肥进行施肥处理,检测不同有机肥对土壤性状、核桃产量和品质的影响。结果表明,生物菌肥(2.5 kg/株)能显著提高种仁黄酮含量;鸡粪(40 kg/株)能显著提高种仁Fe、Zn含量以及土壤速效磷、速效钾含量;5.0 kg/株半焦肥能显著提高种仁多酚、土壤有机质含量;10.0 kg/株半焦肥施肥能显著提高青果的横径,坚果的单果质量、纵径、横径、侧径,种仁的脂肪、K、Ca、Mn、Cu含量以及土壤全磷含量。10.0 kg/株半焦肥在相关果实品质方面的综合效果最好,而5.0 kg/株半焦肥的经济效益最高。In order to explore the suitable organic fertilizers for Liaoning No.1 walnut,three types of organic fertilizers,including semi-coke fertilizer,chicken manure and biological bacterial fertilizer,were used for fertilization treatments on 10-year Liaoning No.1 walnut trees in Zanhuang County,Hebei Province to test the effects of different organic fertilizers on soil,walnut yield and quality.The results showed that the application of biological bacterial fertilizer(2.5 kg per plant)significantly increased the flavonoid content in walnut kernels.Chicken manure(40 kg per plant)can significantly increase the content of Fe and Zn in kernels,as well as the content of available phosphorus and potassium in soil.The application 5.0 kg per plant of semi-coke fertilizer can significantly increase the content of kernel polyphenols and soil organic matter,and 10.0 kg per plant can significantly increase the content of transverse diameter of green fruit,single fruit weight,vertical diameter,transverse diameter,lateral diameter of dry fruit,contents of fat,K,Ca,Cu in kernels and the content of soil total phosphorus.The application of 10 kg per plant semi-coke fertilizer had a significant impact on walnut quality.However,the economic benefit of 5.0 kg per plant semi-coke fertilizer application was the highest.

关 键 词：核桃 半焦肥 鸡粪 生物菌肥 土壤 果实品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]