S-诱抗素对“夏黑”葡萄果实着色、品质和产量的影响  

Effects of abscisic acid(ABA)on fruit coloring,quality,and yield of Summer Black grape

作　　者：吕亮[1] 常向前[1] 郭蕾 王佐乾 杨小林[1] 龚林忠[2] 张舒[1] LYU Liang;CHANG Xiangqian;GUO Lei;WANG Zuoqian;YANG Xiaolin;GONG Linzhong;ZHANG Shu(Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei,430064,China;Institute of Pomology and Tea,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei,430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [2]湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第2期210-214,219,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2020-620-000-001-017)。

摘　　要：为明确和评价10%S-诱抗素可溶液剂果穗喷雾对葡萄果实着色、品质和产量的影响,为葡萄绿色高效栽培提供理论和技术支撑,设立10%S-诱抗素可溶液剂系列浓度(0、200.0、250.0、333.3和500.0 mg/kg),采用田间小区试验,于果实成熟时调查果实外观指标(果粒纵径、果粒横径、裂果率)、着色指数以及产量指标(单穗质量、单粒质量、实测小区产量等);分析测定不同浓度处理的葡萄品质指标(可溶性固形物、可滴定酸等)。结果表明,于“夏黑”葡萄果实转色初期喷雾10%S-诱抗素可溶液剂,所有处理的葡萄果实纵径、横径以及纵横径比、裂果率等指标均未见显著差异。10%S-诱抗素可溶液剂处理的葡萄着色指数显著高于清水对照(p<0.05),可溶性固形物(TSS)含量明显高于清水对照,可滴定酸(TA)含量显著低于清水对照(p<0.05)。经10%S-诱抗素处理后,各处理间的单株产量无显著差异,与清水对照相比,各处理的平均增产率在0.84%~1.93%之间,增产作用不甚明显。在“夏黑”葡萄促进着色使用时,建议使用最优浓度范围为200.0~333.3 mg/kg,用水量为833.3 L/hm^(2)。To Clarify and evaluate the effect of 10%abscisic acid(ABA)SL on grape fruit coloring,quality and yield,and provide theoretical and technical support for grape green and efficient cultivation,A test with a series of concentrations of 10%ABA SL,0,200.0,250.0,333.3 and 500.0 mg/kg treatments,was set up in field to investigate grape fruit appearance indexes(e.g.,longitudinal diameter of grain,transverse diameter of grain,fruit cracking rate),color index and yield indexes(e.g.,single panicle weight,single grain weight,plot yield,etc.),and determine grape quality indexes(total soluble solid,TSS and titratable acid,TA).The results showed that spraying 10%ABA SL at the early stage of Summer Black grape fruit coloring,there were no significant difference in the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter,and fruit cracking rate among all the treatments.The average coloring indexes of spraying 10%ABA SL at concentrations of 200.0 mg/kg,250.0 mg/kg,333.3 mg/kg and 500.0 mg/kg were 62.56,66.70,73.91 and 69.37,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of water control(50.78,p<0.05).After spraying with 10%ABA SL,the content of TSS of the grape fruit was obviously higher than that of control,but the TA content were all significantly lower than that of control(p<0.05).There was no significant difference in the yield per plant among all the treatments.The average yield increase rate of all the treatments varied from 0.84%to 1.93%.To promote coloring,it is recommended that the optimal concentration range is 200.0-333.3 mg/kg,and the water consumption is 833.3 L/hm^(2).

关 键 词：10%S-诱抗素可溶液剂 葡萄 着色 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]