分子生物学中心法则存在两个版本  

There Are Two Versions of the Central Dogma in Molecular Biology

作　　者：杨克恭[1] YANG Ke-Gong(Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,School of Basic Medicine,Peking Union Medical College,Institute of Basic Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所、北京协和医学院基础学院生物化学与分子生物学系,北京100005

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2024年第4期520-525,共6页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

摘　　要：分子生物学中心法则阐述生物体内的遗传信息流动方向,是重要的分子生物学经典理论之一。中心法则存在两个版本。1957年克里克首次提出中心法则,1958年发表,1970年修改。克里克将遗传信息传递方式分为三组:(1)3种普通传递,在细胞中正常发生,包括DNA→DNA、DNA→RNA和RNA→蛋白质;(2)3种特殊传递,指某些病毒中的RNA→RNA和RNA→DNA,以及体外DNA→蛋白质;(3)3种未知传递,即尚未发现或可能不存在的信息传递,包括蛋白质→蛋白质、蛋白质→DNA和蛋白质→RNA。1965年沃森以蛋白质生物合成途径作为中心法则,将遗传信息传递过程分成两步——转录和翻译,通常简化为DNA→RNA→蛋白质,之后又补充了“RNA复制”和“逆转录”。沃森中心法则的局限性受到质疑。The central dogma of molecular biology explains the direction of genetic information flow within organisms,and is one of the most important classical theories in molecular biology.There are two versions of the central dogma.In 1957,F.Crick first proposed the central dogma,which was published in 1958 and revised in 1970.Crick’s central dogma divides genetic information transfer modes into three groups:(l)three types of general transfer that occur normally in cells,including DNA→DNA,DNA→RNA,and RNA→protein;(2)three types of special transfer refer to RNA→RNA and RNA→DNA in certain viruses,as well as in vitro DNA→protein;(3)three types of undetected transfer are information transmissions that have not yet been discovered or may not exist,i.e.protein→protein,protein→DNA,and protein→RNA.In 1965,J.Watson proposed another version,using the protein biosynthesis pathway as the central dogma,which divided the process of genetic information transfer into two steps:transcription and translation,usually simplified as DNA→RNA→protein,and later supplemented with“RNA replication”and“reverse transcription”.The limitations of Watson’s version have been questioned.

关 键 词：分子生物学中心法则 两个版本 质疑 

分 类 号：Q7[生物学—分子生物学]