基于RUSLE模型的武陵山区土壤侵蚀研究  

Research on soil erosion in Wuling Mountain area based on RUSLE model

作　　者：刘欢 严翼[1,2] 张文豪 王森 罗佳欢 LIU Huan;YAN Yi;ZHANG Wenhao;WANG Sen;LUO Jiahuan(South-central Minzu University,College of Resources and Environment,Wuhan 430074,China;South-central Minzu University,Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学资源与环境学院,武汉430074 [2]中南民族大学资源转化与污染控制国家民委重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期295-306,共12页Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41901235);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目资助(CZY20033)。

摘　　要：基于降水、土壤属性、数字高程模型(DEM)、归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)和土地利用等数据,采用修正后的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)模型计算了武陵山区的多年平均土壤侵蚀模数,探讨了武陵山区土壤侵蚀的空间分布特征.结果表明:(1)2001—2020年武陵山区约71.59%的区域受到土壤侵蚀的威胁,中度及中度以上土壤侵蚀占比30.55%;(2)坡度是影响土壤侵蚀强度分布的主要因素,中度及中度以上的土壤侵蚀主要分布在大于15°的坡度上;(3)同一坡度级下,林地土壤侵蚀强度最低;(4)重庆武陵山区多年平均土壤侵蚀模数最高,其次分别是湖北武陵山区和贵州武陵山区,湖南武陵山区多年平均土壤侵蚀模数最低;(5)重庆市武隆区,湖北省巴东县、五峰土家族自治县、秭归县、长阳土家族自治县,贵州省江口县和湖南省古丈县是多年平均土壤侵蚀模数较高的县(区);(6)武陵山区土壤侵蚀的空间分布具有正的空间自相关性,高高集聚主要分布在湖北武陵山区,低低集聚主要分布在湖南武陵山区.研究结果对于武陵山区水土资源优化管理和地质灾害分区防治具有一定的指导意义.The revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)model was used to calculate the multi-year average soil erosion modulus in Wuling Mountain Area and to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion in Wuling Mountain Area using data of precipitation,soil properties,digital elevation model(DEM),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)and land use.The results showed that(1)about 71.59%of Wuling Mountain area was threatened by soil erosion from 2001 to 2020,and moderate and above moderate soil erosion accounted for 30.55%;(2)land slope was the main factor affecting the distribution of soil erosion intensity,and the moderate and above moderate soil erosion was mainly distributed on slopes larger than 15°;(3)within the same slope ranges,forest land exhibited the lowest soil erosion;(4)Wuling Mountain area in Chongqing showed the highest multi-year average soil erosion modulus,followed by Wuling Mountain area in Hubei Province and Wuling Mountain area in Guizhou Province,and Wuling Mountain area in Hunan Province had the lowest multi-year average soil erosion modulus;(5)Wulong District of Chongqing,Badong County,Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County,Zigui County and Changyang Tujia Autonomous County of Hubei Province,Jiangkou County of Guizhou Province and Guzhang County of Hunan Province were the districts with high multi-year average soil erosion modulus;(6)the spatial distribution of soil erosion in Wuling Mountain area had positive spatial autocorrelation,with high-high clustering mainly in the Wuling Mountain area of Hubei Province and low-low clustering mainly in Wuling Mountain area of Hunan Province.The results provided some guidance for the optimal management of soil and water resources and the prevention and control of geological hazards in Wuling Mountain area.

关 键 词：武陵山区 土壤侵蚀 RUSLE模型 空间分布 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]