张家口崇礼区森林生物多样性及其垂直分布格局  

Biodiversity and vertical distribution of forest vegetation in Chongli Region,Zhangjiakou City

作　　者：冯舒芮 成莉莉 张珊珊 石莎[1] 夏建新[1] FENG Shurui;CHENG Lili;ZHANG Shanshan;SHI Sha;XIA Jianxin(School of life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期326-331,共6页Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX0701002)。

摘　　要：选择张家口崇礼区东部山林,沿海拔高度设置样地,开展森林植被组成结构调查,分析其植被特征和生物多样性沿海拔高度的垂直分布规律.结果表明:森林植被类型以白桦为优势种的落叶阔叶林为主,随着山地海拔升高,逐渐演变为以华北落叶松为优势种的针叶林和针叶阔叶混交林.森林木本植物的物种多样性沿海拔高度呈现出先升高、后降低的变化趋势,多样性最大值区域位于海拔1900 m;森林物种丰富度主要受灌木层物种变化的影响.森林地表枯落物在海拔1500 m和1900 m样地积累较多,乔木植物对地表枯落物的贡献较大.The types of forest vegetation in Chongli Region,Zhangjiakou City changed along the altitude of mountain,and community characteristics of different forests varied with obvious vertical distribution.The mountainous watershed in the east of Chongli region was selected,and sample plots were set up along the altitude to carry out vegetation investigation.The results showed that the deciduous broad-leaved forest with Betula platyphylla as the dominant species evolved into the coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest with Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii as the dominant species.The proportion of macro-phanerophyte composed of tall trees changed little,while the proportion of meso-phanerophyte and micro-phanerophyte composed of larger shrubs changed greatly.The species richness of woody plants in forests changed a lot and was mainly affected by the shrub species diversity.The biodiversity index increased first and then decreased,and the maximum value appeared in the sample plot at the altitude of 1900 m.The evenness index continued to increase with the rising of altitude.The surface litters in forests accumulated more in sample plots at the altitude of 1500 m and 1900 m respectively,and the composition of surface litters in forests was mainly from arbor plants.

关 键 词：森林植被 物种多样性 生活型 地表枯落物 垂直分布 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]