语言的困境与突破:真言陀罗尼及密乘的诞生  

Linguistic Dilemmas and Breakthroughs:Buddhist Mantras and the Birth of Tantra

作　　者：徐小霞[1] Xu Xiaoxia(School of Literature,Xizang Minzu University)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学

出　　处：《符号与传媒》2024年第1期7-22,共16页Signs & Media

基　　金：西藏民族大学西藏文化传承发展协同创新中心2018年委托课题项目“文艺学视域下的藏传佛教文化符号因子研究”(XT-WT201820)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文从语言哲学角度,梳理出佛教真言陀罗尼(密咒)出现的语言学内部因素。作为语言的一种类型,真言密咒以功能而非表意阐释为主,它的出现与发展是印度佛教为回应其内外双重压力,在语言哲学上,通过对佛陀语言的重构,积极挪用印度传统和佛教传统的结果。围绕真言密咒,印度佛教逐渐延伸出与之相应的手印、曼荼罗仪轨等体系化的实践方法,最终直接在佛教大乘内部催生出一种新的宗派--佛教怛特罗(佛教密乘)。From the perspective of linguistic philosophy,this article outlines the internal linguistic factors that led to the emergence of the Buddhist mantra,the Dharani.As a type of language,the"true word"mantra is based primarily on function rather than ideographic interpretation.Its emergence and development are the result of Indian Buddhism's responses to internal and external pressure.First,in terms of linguistic philosophy,Indian and Buddhist traditions were actively adapted through the reconstruction of Buddha's language.Second,with the“true word”mantra at the centre,Indian Buddhism gradually extended its corresponding methods for systematic practice,such as handprints and mandala rituals,ultimately giving rise to a new sect within Mahayana Buddhism:the Buddhist Tantra.

关 键 词：佛教密宗 真言密咒 语言哲学 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学] H0-05[语言文字—语言学]