离子掺杂对海藻酸钠/SiO_(2)气凝胶吸波性能的影响  

Effect of ion doping on microwave absorbing properties of sodium alginate/SiO_(2) aerogels

作　　者：李俊 于名讯[2] 刘峣 林龙 勾雯启 周帅 LI Jun;YU Mingxun;LIU Yao;LIN Long;GOU Wenqi;ZHOU Shuai(School of Materials Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 450007,China;China North Industries Group Corporation Institute 53,Jinan 250031,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工程学院材料工程学院,郑州450007 [2]中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所,济南250031 [3]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,济南250013

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第3期1356-1366,共11页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：河南省大学生创新创业项目(202211517021,202211517009)。

摘　　要：随着电磁污染的加剧,吸波材料引起了研究者的关注,气凝胶具有轻质、多孔的特性赋予其成为理想吸波材料的潜质。以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,静电纺丝制得PVA/SiO_(2)纳米纤维,高温碳化得到柔性SiO_(2)纳米纤维;将柔性SiO_(2)纳米纤维均化在海藻酸钠(SA)溶液中,冷冻干燥得到SA/SiO_(2)气凝胶;分别引入铝硼硅(AlBSi)、FeCl_(3)作为掺杂剂得到SA/SiO_(2)/AlBSi、SA/SiO_(2)/FeCl_(3)气凝胶,对比分析3种气凝胶吸波性能。结果表明:SA/SiO_(2)经FeCl_(3)掺杂后,SiO_(2)纳米纤维表面有小晶粒存在,这种块状颗粒结构能够产生多重反射和散射、界面极化,提高了气凝胶的介电损耗性能。并且加入FeCl_(3)后,气凝胶的磁损耗虚部增大,提高了气凝胶的磁损耗性能,使其整体吸波性能提高,当厚度为3 mm时,其最大的吸收峰值–23.85 dB在14.42 GHz处达到,具有1.3 GHz (13.82~15.12 GHz)的有效吸收带宽,是一种质轻、吸波性能良好的材料。With the intensification of electromagnetic pollution,absorbing materials have attracted the attention of researchers,and airgel has the potential to become an ideal absorbing material due to its light weight and porous characteristics.PVA/SiO_(2) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and ethyl orthosilicate(TEOS),the flexible SiO_(2) nanofibers were homogenized in sodium alginate(SA) solution and freezedried to obtain SA/SiO_(2) aerogels.SA/SiO_(2)/AlBSi and SA/SiO_(2)/FeCl_(3) aerogels were prepared by introducing AlBSi and FeCl_(3) as dopants,respectively.Microwave absorbing properties of three kinds of aerogels were analyzed.The results show that there are small particles on the surface of SiO_(2) nanofibers,which are the SA/SiO_(2) aerogel doped by FeCl_3.This granular structure produces multiple reflection and scattering,interface polarization,which improves the dielectric loss performance of aerogels.After adding FeCl_3,the imaginary part of the magnetic loss of the aerogel increases,which improves the magnetic loss performance of the aerogel.Thus,the overall wave absorption performance of aerogel is improved.When the thickness is 3 mm,its maximum absorption peak is –23.85 dB,reaching14.42 GHz.It has an effective absorption bandwidth of 1.3 GHz(13.82-15.12 GHz).It is a light material with good wave absorption performance.

关 键 词：SiO_(2)气凝胶 掺杂 介电损耗 多重驰豫 吸波性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]