飞机库燃油泄漏扩散特性及影响因素分析  

Analysis of fuel leakage and diffusion characteristics and influencing factors in aircraft hangar

作　　者：王文和 光宇 肖丰 谭淼文 牟丹 蒋新生 WANG Wenhe;GUANG Yu;XIAO Feng;TAN Miaowen;MOU Dan;JIANG Xinsheng(College of Safety Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;Department of Oil,Army Logistical University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技大学安全工程学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆市安全生产科学研究院,重庆401331 [3]中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院油料系,重庆401331

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第4期1539-1549,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0809500);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究重点项目(KJZD-K202201505)。

摘　　要：为有效预防飞机库燃油泄漏扩散导致的重大安全事故,基于国内某飞机库空间结构,建立了燃油泄漏扩散试验平台,通过模拟试验及数值模拟的方法,探究飞机库燃油泄漏扩散过程油气体积分数的分布规律及环境因素的影响。结果表明:飞机库水平方向上油气扩散速度较快,竖直方向上呈现明显的分层规律,经过初始稀释、障碍累积、重力沉降及被动扩散阶段后实现浓度平衡;温度、泄漏位置和泄漏量对飞机库内油气体积分数分布影响显著,随着温度的升高,模拟机库空间内最大油气体积分数增幅较大,泄漏位置主要影响空间内部油气扩散达到平衡体积分数的时间,泄漏量对空间内最大油气体积分数、油气的平衡体积分数及达到平衡体积分数的时间均有影响,对油气的产生速率影响不大;飞机库内障碍因子对油气扩散的扰动以及油气累积后的二次加速现象,使得飞机库内湍流强度急剧增大,导致危险油气体积分数区域不断扩大。In order to effectively prevent major safety accidents caused by fuel leakage and diffusion in hangars,an experimental platform for fuel leakage and diffusion was established based on the spatial structure of a domestic hangar.The process of fuel leakage and diffusion is simulated by a simplified hangar model of equal scale reduction,and then the process of fuel leakage and diffusion is simulated by software based on the Standardκεturbulence model+component transport model.The distribution law of oil and gas volume fraction in the process of fuel leakage and diffusion in the hangar and the influence of environmental factors are obtained by comparative analysis.The results show that the oil and gas diffusion speed is faster in the horizontal direction,and the stratification law is obvious in the vertical direction.After initial dilution,obstacle accumulation,gravity deposition and passive diffusion stage,the concentration equilibrium is achieved.Temperature,leakage location,and leakage amount have a significant influence on the volume fraction distribution of oil and gas in the hangar.With the increase in temperature,the maximum volume fraction of oil and gas in the simulated hangar space increases greatly.The leakage location mainly affects the time for oil and gas diffusion to reach the equilibrium volume fraction in space.The leakage volume has an effect on the maximum volume fraction of oil and gas in the space,the equilibrium volume fraction of oil and gas,and the time to reach the equilibrium volume fraction,but has little effect on the production rate of oil and gas.The disturbance of oil and gas diffusion caused by obstacle factors in the hangar and the secondary acceleration phenomenon after oil and gas accumulation makes the turbulence intensity in the hangar increase sharply,resulting in the continuous expansion of the dangerous oil and gas volume fraction area.

关 键 词：安全工程 飞机库 扩散特性 影响因素 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]