中国5省小学健康教育现状、需求及其影响因素  

Analysis on the current situation and influencing factors of health education needs among primary school in five provinces in China

作　　者：吕书红[1] 刘志浩[2] LYV Shu-hong;LIU Zhi-hao(Chinese Center for Health Education,Beijing 100011,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国健康教育中心,北京100011 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2024年第1期25-28,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家卫生计生委2017年财政项目(中小学校健康教育和健康促进现状调查研究1710908);江苏省科协提升学会服务科技创新能力计划项目(健康科普资源配置均等化及合理利用研究)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国5省小学健康教育现状及需求,并对其影响因素进行分析,为小学健康教育开展相关工作提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选取浙江、广东、江西、四川、贵州5省1103名小学生进行健康教育现状及需求问卷调查。结果有93.0%的小学生希望在学校开展健康教育活动,有98.2%的小学生愿意将健康知识分享给父母;78.3%学生表示每月上2次及以上的健康教育课;获取健康知识主要来源排名前3位的是老师(82.6%)、书本(77.2%)、父母(74.3%);最想了解的健康知识排名前3位的是健康生活方式(70.4%)、火灾逃生(64.5%)、基本急救技能(61.7%);喜欢的健康教育形式排名前3位的是健康主题游戏(59.5%)、健康教育课(55.2%)、健康知识竞赛(43.2%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,具有健康素养(OR=4.28,95%CI:2.31~7.94)、城市(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.15~3.39)、每年参加健康体检(OR=2.36,95%CI:1.31~3.90)、获得学校发放健康知识材料(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.18~3.54)的小学生健康需求更高(P值均<0.05)。结论小学生对从学校获取健康知识有积极的意愿,应根据不同地区小学生的健康教育需求开展针对性的学校健康教育。Objective To explore the current situation and health education needs among primary school in five provinces,to analyze its influencing factors,to provide evidence of health education for primary school.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,1103 primary school students from Zhejiang,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Sichuan and Guizhou province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on the current situation and demand of health education.Results The prevalence of hoping to carry out health education activities in school,willing to share school health knowledge with parents were 93.0%and 98.2%respectively.78.3%students attended health education classes twice or more per month;The top 3 health knowledge most wanted to know were healthy lifestyle(70.4%),fire escape(64.5%),and basic first aid skills(61.7%);The top 3 favorite forms of health education were health themed games(59.5%),health education classes(55.2%),and health knowledge competitions(43.2%).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that health literacy,area,annual physical examination and health knowledge materials issued by school were the influ-encing factors of students′health needs(P<0.05),students with health literacy(OR=4.278,95%CI=2.306~7.936),urban(OR=1.978,95%CI:1.153~3.392),taking an annual physical examination(OR=2.362,95%CI:1.307~3.895),acquiring health materials by school(OR=2.044,95%CI:1.181~3.539)had a higher health education needs.Conclusions Primary school students have a positive willingness to obtain the health know,ledge from school,the targeted school health education should be carried out based on the needs of primary school students.

关 键 词：小学生 学校健康教育 现状 需求 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]