中医疾病名称的特征、存在问题与研究思路  

Exploration of the Characteristics,Existing Problems and Research Ideas of Traditional Chinese Medicine Disease Names

作　　者：白英哲 王烨燃 黄璐琦[3] BAI Yingzhe;WANG Yeran;HUANG Luqi(State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing,100700;China Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京市100700 [2]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所 [3]中国中医科学院

出　　处：《中医杂志》2024年第7期661-668,共8页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);国家自然科学基金(82374626)。

摘　　要：中医疾病名称(中医病名)的标准化研究是中医药现代化的重点和难点。中医病名是指传统医学对身心困苦的合理界定与指称关系所构建的符号系统,具备时空特征、临床特征和文化特征。这些特征既是中医病名的特点也是造成其应用弱化、标准化不足以及方法学缺失等问题的根源。针对上述问题提出对中医病名的研究思路:首先应根据应用需求选择合适的样本,通过模式的构建促成中医病名指称体系在内容与形式上的对齐,以此解决应用弱化的问题;其次应同步进行语义、语用和临床定位等研究,促进语言符号的实证化,强化中医病名的临床特征;最后应加强方法学的研究,对传统的名学方法与西方科学领域的命名法进行充分借鉴,通过理论对复杂系统的观照,明确分类体系与命名方法的内在关系,进而完成中医病名指称体系构建过程的标准化研究。The standardization study on disease names in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a key and chal⁃lenging aspect of the modernization of TCM.TCM disease names refer to a symbolic system established by tradi⁃tional medicine for the rational definition and denotation of physical and mental distress,characterized by temporal and spatial features,clinical features,and cultural traits.These features are both the characteristics of TCM disease names and the root causes of issues such as weakened application,standardization difficulties,and lack of methodology.In response to these problems,we propose a research idea for TCM disease names.Firstly,appropriate samples should be selected based on application needs,and by constructing models,the alignment of the TCM disease names'refe-rence system in content and form should be facilitated to address the issue of weakened application.Secondly,studies on semantics,pragmatics,and clinical positioning should be conducted simultaneously to promote the empirical nature of linguistic symbols and strengthen the clinical features of TCM disease names.Furthermore,research on methodology should be intensified.By fully referencing traditional naming methods and the nomenclature of western scientific fields and theoretically examining complex systems,the intrinsic relationship between classification systems and naming methods should be clarified,thereby completing the standardization study of the construction process of the TCM disease names reference system.

关 键 词：中医疾病名称 指称 标准化 方法学 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学]