水稻耐热性鉴定技术体系的研究  

Studies on the Technical System of Heat Resistance Identification of Rice

作　　者：李克阳 张伟[2] 台德卫[2] 石英尧[1] 张德文[2] LI Keyang;ZHANG Wei;TAI Dewei;SHI Yingyao;ZHANG Dewen(College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Rice Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第2期23-28,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1200900);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(2022h11020006,2023n06020013)。

摘　　要：水稻抽穗扬花期遭受高温胁迫会严重限制其高产和稳产,选育优良的耐热品种是解决水稻热害最直接有效的方法。批量且有效地鉴定品种耐热性是耐热品种选育的重要环节,但目前水稻耐热性鉴定技术体系中界定温度的设置却不尽相同。结合历史气象数据,模拟田间高温,以高温结实率(HTx)为指标,对耐热性鉴定体系中界定水稻品种耐热性差异的温度进行研究。结果表明,基于标准化温度区间设置8组试验,分别处理第1批材料,处理组最高温度为39.0℃时,各品种高温结实率差异最明显;在温室设定3组不同的温度,分别处理第2批材料,在第2组处理(39.0℃)中,各品种高温结实率差异最明显;综上,筛选出区分水稻品种耐热性的最高界定温度为39.0℃。The high and stable yield of rice is severely restricted by high temperature stress during heading and flowering.The most direct and effective way to solve the heat damage of rice is to select and breed excellent heatresistant varieties.Batch and effective identification and evaluation of heat resistance of rice varieties is an important step in the breeding of heat resistant varieties,but the setting of defining temperature is not the same in the current technical system of heat tolerance identification of rice.Combined with the historical meteorological data,the field high temperature was simulated,and the high temperature seed setting rate(HTx)was used as the index to determine the temperature for defining the difference of heat tolerance of rice varieties in the heat resistance identification system.Eight groups of tests were set up based on the standardized temperature interval,and the first batch of materials were treated respectively.When the maximum temperature of the treatment group was 39.0℃,the difference in high temperature seed setting rate of various varieties was the most obvious.Three groups of different temperatures were set in the greenhouse,and the second batch of materials were treated respectively.In the second group of treatment(39.0℃),the difference of high temperature seed setting rate of various varieties was the most obvious.In conclusion,the maximum temperature for determining the heat tolerance of rice varieties was 39.0℃.

关 键 词：水稻 抽穗扬花期 耐热性 高温结实率 界定温度 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311