不同耐盐能力水稻品种响应盐胁迫的差异  

Differences in Response to Salt Stress of Rice Varieties with Different Salt Tolerance

作　　者：程生海 郭夏宇 陶维旭[1,2] 冀俊超 何爱斌 艾治勇 CHENG Shenghai;GUO Xiayu;TAO Weixu;JI Junchao;HE Aibin;AI Zhiyong(Sanya Nanfan Research Institute,Hainan University,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;Sanya National Salt-alkali-resistant Rice Technology Innovation Center,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,海南三亚572000 [2]三亚市国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心,海南三亚572000 [3]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第2期97-104,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202001)。

摘　　要：为探明不同耐盐水稻品种产量形成对盐胁迫的响应,以3个耐盐品种和3个盐敏感品种为参试材料,通过两季大田试验,探究耐盐能力不同的水稻品种在3种盐胁迫处理(0.0%、0.3%和0.6%)下生长发育和产量性状差异。结果表明,耐盐水稻品种在0.3%和0.6%盐浓度胁迫下的减产率分别为38.1%~50.6%和51.2%~63.6%,明显低于盐敏感品种的47.9%~72.3%和72.9%~84.6%。同时,盐胁迫下,耐盐水稻品种在分蘖盛期和齐穗期的株高、茎蘖数和地上部干物质量降幅也明显低于盐敏感品种。进一步分析可知,与盐敏感品种相比,耐盐品种在0.6%盐浓度胁迫下具有较高的产量,齐穗期叶片还保持较高的SPAD值,成熟期叶片还保持较低的Na^(+)含量和钠钾比。因此,良好的农艺性状和生理指标是水稻在盐胁迫下获得高产的基础。To investigate the yield response of different salt-tolerant rice varieties to salt stress,three salt-tolerant rice varieties and three salt-sensitive rice varieties were used as test materials.Through two seasons of field experiment,the differences in growth,development and yield traits of rice varieties with different salt-tolerant ability were studied under three salt stress treatments(0.0%,0.3%and 0.6%).The results showed that the yield reduction rates of salt-tolerant rice varieties under 0.3%and 0.6%salt stress were 38.1%~50.6%and 51.2%~63.6%,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of salt-sensitive rice varieties(47.9%~72.3%and 72.9%~84.6%).At the same time,the decrease of plant height,number of tillers and above-ground dry matter of salt-tolerant rice varieties was significantly lower than that of salt-sensitive rice varieties at the full tillering stage and full heading stage.Further analysis showed that compared with salt-sensitive varieties,salt-tolerant varieties had higher yield under 0.6%salt concentration stress,and the leaves still maintained higher SPAD value at full heading stage,and lower Na^(+) content and sodium potassium ratio at maturity stage.Therefore,good agronomic traits and physiological indexes are the basis for rice to achieve high yield under salt stress.

关 键 词：耐盐水稻 盐胁迫 Na^(+) K^(+) 产量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311