淹水对直播水稻生长与杂草防控效果的影响  

Effects of Flooding on the Growth of Direct Seeding Rice and the Control of Weeds

作　　者：卢浩宇 王美[1,2] 周尚峰 王立峰 柏连阳[3] 张玉烛[1] LU Haoyu;WANG Mei;ZHOU Shangfeng;WANG Lifeng;BAI Lianyang;ZHANG Yuzhu(Longping Huangpu Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510700,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]隆平农业科技黄埔研究院,广东广州510700 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南省农业科学院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第2期110-116,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2022CX128)。

摘　　要：为探究淹水不化除处理对直播方式下不同耐淹能力水稻品种生长与杂草防控效果的影响,以耐淹品种耘两优玖48和不耐淹品种农香42为材料,设置淹水不化除(FD)和常规化除(HB)2个处理,并以不进行任何杂草防除为对照(CK),系统比较了不同处理间基本苗、播后7~32 d主要生长性状、第一完全展开叶丙二醛含量及杂草防效的差异。结果表明,FD处理下,耘两优玖48的基本苗为166.1万/hm^(2),较CK减少了4.7%,差异不显著;农香42的基本苗为71.0万/hm^(2),较CK显著减少了46.9%。播后7 d,耘两优玖48和农香42苗高分别为16.22、7.62 cm,均显著高于CK,单株最长根长分别为6.61、4.83 cm,单株地上部单位密度分别为3.16、3.02 mg/cm,均显著小于CK,表明2个品种在淹水初期均通过牺牲根系生长与组织充实度来增加苗高以逃离水层。耘两优玖48第一完全展开叶MDA含量于播后22 d与CK相当,农香42则于播后32 d与CK相当,表明随着播后天数的增加,2个品种均逐步恢复生长。播后17和42 d,耘两优玖48田块禾本科杂草相对防效90%左右、莎草科类杂草相对防效50%左右、阔叶类杂草防效较差(对鸭舌草没有防效),农香42田块禾本科杂草相对防效90%左右、莎草科类和阔叶类杂草防效较差(对鸭舌草没有防效)。Using the flood-resistant rice variety Yunliangyou Jiu 48(YLY948)and the flood-sensitive rice variety Nongxiang 42(NX42)as materials,two treatments were set up:flooding without chemical weeding(FD)and conventional chemical weeding(HB),and no weed control was used as the control(CK)to investigate the effects of FD on the growth of rice varieties with different flooding tolerance and weed control efficacy under direct seeding by systematically comparing the differences in basic seedling,major growth traits at 7~32 d after sowing and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of the first fully-developed leaf,and weed control efficacy among different treatments.The results showed that under FD treatment,the basic seedlings of Yunliangyou Jiu 48 were 1.661 million/hm^(2),which was reduced by 4.7%compared with CK,and the difference was not significant.The basic seedlings of Nongxiang 42 were 0.710 million/hm^(2),which was significantly reduced by 46.9%compared with CK.At 7 days after sowing,the seedling height of Yunliangyou Jiu 48 and Nongxiang 42 was 16.22 and 7.62 cm,respectively,which were significantly higher than CK,the maximum root length of a single plant was 6.61 and 4.83 cm,and the unit density of the aboveground parts per plant was 3.16 and 3.02 mg/cm,respectively,which were significantly lower than CK,indicating that the seedling height of the two varieties was increased at the expense of root growth and tissue fullness to escape from the water layer in the early stage of flooding.The MDA content in the first fully-developed leaf of Yunliangyou Jiu 48 was similar to CK at 22 days after sowing,and Nongxiang 42 was similar to CK at 32 days after sowing,indicating that the two varieties gradually recovered growth with the increase of days after sowing.At 17 and 42 days of sowing,the relative control effect of gramineous weeds in the field of Yunliangyou Jiu 48 was about 90%,that of cyperaceous weeds was about 50%,and that of broad-leaf weeds was poor(no control effect on Monochoria vaginalis);the relative control effect of

关 键 词：直播水稻 淹水 化除 耐淹能力 杂草防控 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311