火把节的起源——瘴气说  

The Origin of the Torch Festival--Miasma Theory

作　　者：田显樟 TIAN Xianzhang(Dali University,Dali Yunnan,671000,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学,云南大理671000

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第7期73-78,共6页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：2023年云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“象征人类学视角下白族火把节文化内涵解读”(项目编号:2023J0940)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：火把节是滇西南少数民族重要的传统节日,一直以来围绕着火把节起源的争论众说纷纭。该文从原生态火把节及半原始形态火把节的彝族火把节和白族火把节两条线路出发,从火把节的仪式、举办的活动等多方面抽丝剥茧,发现火把节从最初的祈求上苍收回邪崇对人畜的惩罚,“饶恕”男性,保证人口繁衍,逐渐上升到火灭虫害的实用性上。因此,火把节是滇西南各少数民族先民抗击瘴气疫毒的重要举措之一,其演变史也可堪称早期滇西南各族民众与恶劣环境作斗争的典范,是少数民族先民集体智慧的结晶。The Torch Festival is a significant traditional festival among ethnic minorities in Southwest Yunnan,China.There has been longstanding debate regarding its origins,especially reignited by the COVID-19 outbreak.The article examines the festival from two angles:the transition from original to semi-original Torch Festivals,and the differences between the Yi and Bai ethnic groups'celebrations.Initially,the festival was meant to beseech the heavens to revoke curses on humans and livestock,to"forgive"men,and to ensure population growth.Over time,it evolved to include practical aspects like using fire to eliminate pests.The Torch Festival played a crucial role in the ancestral fight against miasma and epidemics in Southwest Yunnan.It represents a paradigm in early epidemic resistance among these ethnic groups.The festival is not just a cultural event but an integral part of the history and social life of these minorities,showcasing their collective wisdom in combating epidemics.

关 键 词：原生态火把节 民俗 仪式 瘴气 瘴域 先民集体智慧 

分 类 号：G124[文化科学]