不同高度离岸堤对波生流及地形演变影响的数值研究  

Numerical study on the influence of offshore breakwaters with different heights on wave induced current and topographic evolution

作　　者：王平[1,2,3] 邹文峰 孙家文[1,2] 刘鑫仓[1,2] 张宁川[3] WANG Ping;ZOU Wenfeng;SUN Jiawen;LIU Xincang;ZHANG Ningchuan(National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023 [2]国家环境保护海洋生态环境整治修复重点实验室,大连116023 [3]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《水道港口》2024年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3106100);海岸和近海工程重点实验室开放基金(LP2107);海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室(河海大学)开放基金(202212)。

摘　　要：不同高度的离岸堤是近岸沙滩防护的重要构筑物,其在波浪作用下的动力地貌响应有所不同。文章基于Xbeach岸滩演变模型,通过经典算例验证了斜向浪作用下离岸堤附近的波生流场及地形演变过程,进一步分析了正向波浪作用和堤顶高程变化的影响,并针对人工离岸沙坝,模拟了沙坝变形以及近岸动力地貌的变化特征。研究表明:离岸堤掩护下堤后会出现波高梯度变化,进而形成沿岸流及离岸流;当堤顶高程降低,波浪会在潜堤上发生破碎,从而形成向岸流;不同高度离岸堤附近的波生流场差异较大,其导致的地形演变趋势也会不同;随着堤顶高度的增加,近岸的侵蚀淤积会逐渐增大;人工沙坝在波浪作用下不断向岸移动,其高度逐渐降低,对近岸可起到沙源补充的作用。Offshore breakwaters of different heights are important structures for coastal beach protection,and their morphodynamic behavior responds differently to wave action.Based on the Xbeach model,the wave-induced current and morphological evolution near the breakwater under the obliquely incident waves were first verified,then the influence of the offshore submerged breakwater on the wave-induced current and morphological evolution was analyzed,and finally the deformation of artificial sandbars and the morphodynamic behavior were analyzed.The results showed that the wave height gradient behind offshore breakwaters leads to the formation of rip currents and circulation,and when the height of the offshore breakwater is reduced,the waves will break against the submerged breakwater,resulting in the formation of onshore currents.The different wave induced currents near the breakwaters of different heights will lead to different topographical evolutions,with the increase in the height of the top of the dike,the erosional deposition near the shore would gradually increase.Artificial sandbars are constantly moving towards the shore under the action of the waves,and their height is gradually decreasing,which plays a role in supplementing the sand source to the shore.

关 键 词：离岸堤 离岸潜堤 人工沙坝 波生流 地形演变 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV142[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]