废弃塑料回收与转化的研究进展  

Research progress in upcycling of waste plastics

作　　者：胡延庆 胡凡 周剑池 豆义波[1,2] HU Yanqing;HU Fan;ZHOU Jianchi;DOU Yibo(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学,化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]衢州资源化工创新研究院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《中国塑料》2024年第4期79-87,共9页China Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22278029);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(buctrc202203)。

摘　　要：综述了塑料在传统物理机械回收和当前研究热点化学升级转化的成果,重点对化学催化方法包括热催化、微波催化、生物催化、电催化、光催化等具有潜在应用前景的方法进行了阐述。系统介绍了化学升级转化塑料,特别是催化转化中核心催化剂的设计构筑、催化产物种类、产率和选择性的调控以及构效关系的机理揭示。此外,通过对比各类方法探讨了优缺点、总结了相关方法面临的问题。最后,基于目前废旧塑料回收存在的挑战和后期发展方向提出了建议,以期为废弃塑料回收为高附加值化学品提供理论指导。This paper reviewed the research progress in the upcycling of waste plastics from physical⁃mechanical recycling to the chemical upcycling of plastic waste.The elucidation and analysis of advanced chemical catalytic methods,includ⁃ing,thermal catalysis,microwave catalysis,bio⁃catalysis,electro⁃catalysis,and photocatalysis,were introduced,which exhibited great potential for a wide range of application.Moreover,the rational design,structure characterization of cata⁃lyst,and performance evaluation on the upcycling of waste plastics were also systemically introduced.Especially,the yield,selectivity,and reaction mechanisms of plastic treatment were discussed.In addition,the advantages and disad⁃vantages of various methods were comparatively presented.Based on the current progress in the waste plastic recycling,some insights into the challenges and future directions in this field were proposed to provide guidance for the recycling of plastics into high⁃value⁃added chemicals.

关 键 词：废弃塑料 物理回收 化学催化 高附加值化学品 

分 类 号：TQ320.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]