不同盐浸处理对附子盐制工艺的影响  

Study on changes of alkaloid content in Fuzi(Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)treated with different salt solutions

作　　者：赵鑫 王涵 李天 张辰露[1,2,3] ZHAO Xin;WANG Han;LI Tian;ZHANG Chenlu(School of Biological Sciences and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-resources,Hanzhong 723000,China;Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Incubation),Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省资源生物重点实验室,陕西汉中723000 [3]陕西理工大学秦巴生物资源与生态环境省部共建国家重点实验室(培育),陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《陕西理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期45-54,共10页Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：陕西理工大学秦巴生物资源与生态环境省部共建国家重点实验室(培育)“市校共建”科研专项项目(SXC-2111);国家中药标准化项目(ZY-BZH-Y-QIN-35);陕西理工大学科研计划项目(SLGRCQD2003)。

摘　　要：为了规范附子盐浸工艺,通过研究鲜附子经4种胆巴替代盐的不同浓度溶液浸泡处理后的生物碱含量变化,对比获得盐浸加工的最佳的盐种类、盐溶液浓度及浸泡时间,筛选出最佳仿“浸胆”工艺,为附子盐浸工艺的质量控制提供科学依据。鲜附子经4种不同种类盐(CaCl_(2)、MgCl_(2)、NaCl、CaCl_(2)∶MgCl_(2)(1∶1))的不同质量分数盐溶液浸泡处理7~80 d,定期采样,采用HPLC法测定6种酯型生物碱含量,分析不同盐浸处理对其产生的主要影响及变化规律,以生物碱含量及毒性成分指数综合筛选最优工艺。通过比较酯型生物碱损失量及防腐效果,加工所用的各种盐的最佳质量分数分别为35%CaCl_(2)、30%MgCl_(2)、25%NaCl、35%CaCl_(2)∶MgCl_(2)(1∶1),随浸泡时间延长,附子双酯型生物碱总含量呈持续下降趋势。与鲜附子相比,不同种类、不同浓度的盐溶液浸泡处理显著影响附子中酯型生物碱类成分的组成及含量。鲜附子经过以上浓度的各种盐浸处理,防腐、减毒效果均可达到最佳。综合分析附子饮片实际生产中盐浸处理的时长、双酯型生物碱的减损程度、毒性成分指数和生产用盐辅料的成本,研究得出35%CaCl_(2)为附子盐浸工艺的最优盐溶液,并建议盐浸处理时间控制在7~21 d之内。In order to standardize the salting process of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi in Chinese),the changes of alkaloid content in fresh Fuzi salting in four different salt solutions with different concentrations were studied to obtain the optimal salting technology in this paper.We got the optimal salting technology by comparing the differences in alkaloid content of Fuzi soaked in salt solutions.It provided scientific basis for the quality control of salting process of Fuzi.Fresh Fuzi was soaked in salt solutions(CaCl_(2),MgCl_(2),NaCl,CaCl_(2)∶MgCl_(2)(1∶1))with different concentrations for 7~80 d.Six alkaloids contents of samples collected periodically were determined by HPLC,and the main effects and changing rules of different salting treatments were analyzed.The optimal process was selected by alkaloid content and toxic component index.By comparing the amount of ester alkaloid loss and the preservative effect,the optimal concentrations of these salts were 35%CaCl_(2),30%MgCl_(2),25%NaCl,35%CaCl_(2)∶MgCl_(2)(1∶1).The total content of aconitine-type alkaloids in Fuzi gradually decreased with increasing soaking time.Different kinds and different concentrations of salting treatments significantly affected the composition and content of alkaloids in Fuzi.Fresh Fuzi salting in the above concentrations achieved the best preservation and detoxification effects.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the actual production process of Fuzi and reduction degree of diester alkaloids during salting,the toxic constituents index and the cost of salt excipients in the production of aconite decoction pieces,the optimal salting process of Fuzi was suggested as 35%CaCl_(2),and the ideal salting time is 7~21 d.

关 键 词：附子 酯型生物碱 盐浸工艺 毒性成分指数 

分 类 号：R283.2[医药卫生—中药学]