锤式轴型饲草粉碎机构设计与试验  

Design and experiment of hammer type axial forage crushing mechanism

作　　者：刘猛 员荣基 王忠宇 范国强[1,2] 董和银 吴爱兵 Liu Meng;Yuan Rongji;Wang Zhongyu;Fan Guoqiang;Dong Heyin;Wu Aibing(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai an,271018,China;Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment,Tai an,271018,China;Jining Institute of Mechanical Design,Jining,272000,China;Tai an Research Institute of Intelligent Animal Husbandry Equipment,Xintai,271215,China;Tai an Yimeite Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xintai,271215,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农业装备智能化工程实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]济宁市机械设计研究院,山东济宁272000 [4]泰安市畜牧智能装备产业技术研究院,山东新泰271215 [5]泰安意美特机械有限公司,山东新泰271215 [6]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市210014

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2018MEE026);山东省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-10-19);新泰市科技创新“揭榜挂帅”项目(2021-4);泰安市科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TATSGC012)。

摘　　要：针对我国牛羊养殖业对高效饲草粉碎机需求增加的现状,设计一种锤式轴型饲草粉碎机构,主要由锤片、安装盘、轴式粉碎转子和筛网组成。选用直刀型锤片设计粉碎机构,建立粉碎作业的理论模型,对刀片、粉碎转速和供料旋转速度进行设计与计算。采用Adams与Simulink联合仿真对轴式粉碎转子启动过程进行分析,得到粉碎转子加速时间为0.35 s,锤片所受最大载荷为4 478.5 N,锤片最大变形量为36.1μm,锤片应力集中在销轴孔处,应力最大为64.3 MPa。采用ANSYS对锤片结构进行静力学分析,并对锤片强度进行校核,满足强度要求。采用ANSYS Workbench对设计的粉碎转子进行模态分析,分析表明粉碎转子在锤片处最容易发生位移变形,粉碎转子的前4阶固有频率远大于激励频率,发生共振概率极小。对样机的粉碎性能进行试验,平均粉碎效率达到25 m^(3)/h以上,达到预期设计目标。In view of the increasing demand for high-efficiency forage grass grinders in China s cattle and sheep breeding industry in China,a hammer shaft type forage crushing mechanism is designed,which mainly consists of hammer,mounting plate,axial crushing rotor and sieve.The crushing mechanism is designed by using a straight-knife hammer,and the theoretical model of crushing operation is established,and the blade,crushing speed and feed rotation speed are designed and calculated.Through the joint simulation of Adams and Simulink,the acceleration time is 0.35 s,maximum load of the hammer is 4478.5 N,maximum deformation of the hammer is 36.1μm,the hammer stress is concentrated at the pin shaft hole,and the maximum stress is 64.3 MPa.Static analysis of the hammer structure by ANSYS and checking of the hammer strength is performed to meet the strength requirements.The mode analysis of the designed crushed rotor by ANSYS Workbench shows that the crushing rotor is most prone to displacement deformation at the hammer,the first 4-order natural frequency of the crushing rotor is much greater than the excitation frequency,and the resonance probability is very small.The crushing performance of the prototype is tested through the test,and the average crushing efficiency of the prototype is more than 25 m 3/h,achieving the expected design goal.

关 键 词：饲草 粉碎机 锤片 旋筒供料 粉碎转子 

分 类 号：S229[农业科学—农业机械化工程]