我国国有企业人权责任履行及监管研究  

Study on Chinese State-Owned Enterprises'Human Rights Responsibility Fulfillment and Supervision

作　　者：魏妩媚 Wei Wumei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院国际法研究所

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2024年第1期113-128,共16页Journal of International Economic Law

摘　　要：《联合国工商业与人权指导原则》(以下简称《指导原则》)并未特别针对国有企业的人权责任进行规定,但其第4条要求国家采取“额外步骤”,保护人权不受“国家拥有或控制”的工商企业侵犯。《指导原则》仅明确界定了“国家控制”的企业,我国在贯彻实施第四期国家人权行动计划时,应以我国相关政策文件中“国家出资”的标准来界定“国家拥有”的企业。我国国有企业在履行《指导原则》中尊重人权的责任时,应注意到欧盟及其成员国工商业与人权立法在要求企业终止商业关系方面与《指导原则》截然不同的规定。我国各级国资委采取“额外步骤”对国有企业实施人权监管时,应与时俱进。为贯彻落实第四期国家人权行动计划的要求,我国各级国资委应将人权作为企业社会责任的核心主题,制定指导国有企业履行人权责任的政策文件,明确反对强制企业终止商业关系的立场,同时处理好国有企业改革和国家人权监管之间的关系,并指导和督促国有企业将海外履行人权责任的有益经验在国内推广。Article 4 of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights(hereinafter referred to as"the Guiding Principles")requires states to take"additional steps"to protect human rights against abuse by state-owned or controlled business enterprises.The Guiding Principles only clearly defines the business enterprises controlled by states.In implementing the Fourth National Human Rights Action Plan,it is better for China to define state-owned enterprises by the"state funded"standard enshrined in relevant Chinese policies.The requirements of business relationships termination in EU's and its Member States'Business and Human Rights legislations are quite different from the Guiding Principles'.Chinese state-owned enterprises should notice the difference when fulflling the human rights responsibility.Chinese State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission at all levels should improve their measures for"additional steps"by following the development of Business and Human Rights rules nationally and internationally.To implement the Fourth National Human Rights Action Plan,the Commission at all levels should develop policies to provide effective guidance for state-owned enterprises to fulfll human rights responsibilities.These policies should take human rights as core issue of corporate social responsibility,clearly oppose mandatory business relationships termination,coordinate the relationship between the reform of state-owned enterprises and the supervision of human rights responsibility fulfllment,and promote beneficial experience in stateowned enterprises'overseas human rights respect and protection domestically.

关 键 词：国有企业 工商业与人权 人权责任 企业社会责任 

分 类 号：D998.2[政治法律—国际法学] D996[政治法律—法学] D922.291