承认与执行外国判决中的确定性问题——以我国法律实践为切入点  

The Finality Problems of Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments--From the Perspective of Judicial Practice in China

作　　者：罗雅馨 王国华 Luo Yaxin;Wang Guohua

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院 [2]中国仲裁法学研究会海事仲裁专委会 [3]华东政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2024年第1期143-156,共14页Journal of International Economic Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“统筹实施海洋强国与领土安全战略的国际法路径研究”(项目批准号:22JJD820010)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：确定性问题作为外国法院判决承认与执行中的基本问题之一,对判决是否能在域外顺利得到承认与执行起到至关重要的作用。通过对比分析我国法院审理的承认与执行外国判决的二十五起案件可知,我国多数法院在司法实践中缺少对判决确定性问题的明确审查,在裁判结果中未体现双边条约中关于确定性问题的法律依据。其原因主要在于我国缺少对判决确定性问题的明确规定,且在已缔结的双边条约中对于确定性要件的表述也不尽相同,因此人民法院在司法实践中往往未涉及对判决确定性问题的审查。完善承认与执行外国法院判决中确定性问题的制度规范,应从明确确定性要件判断标准、缩小立法与实践差距以及增加指导性案例等方面着手开展。As one of the fundamental issues in the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments,the issue of certainty plays a crucial role in whether the judgment can be successfully recognized and enforced thereof.A comparative analysis of twenty-six cases of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in China shows that most of the courts in China lack a clear examination of the issue of certainty of judgments in their trial practice,and the legal basis of the issue of certainty in bilateral treaties is not reflected in the decision results.The reason for this is that China lacks clear regulations on the issue of certainty of judgments,and the expressions of the elements of certainty in the concluded bilateral treaties are not the same,so the courts often do not involve in the review of the issue of certainty of judgments in their trial practice.To improve the institutional regulation of the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments on the issue of certainty,we should proceed from clarifying the criteria for judging the elements of certainty,narrowing the gap between legislation and practice,and increasing the number of guiding cases.

关 键 词：外国法院判决 判决的承认与执行 判决的确定性 典型案例 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学] D926.2[政治法律—法学]