我国中老年人认知功能在文化水平和抑郁症状间的中介效应  

Mediating effects of cognitive function on the relationship between literacylevel and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly people in China

作　　者：葛怀举 董士红 官为民 苏文钰 柳言 齐元涛 马桂峰 GE Huaiju;DONG Shihong;GUAN Weimin;SU Wenyu;LIU Yan;QI Yuantao;MA Guifeng(School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang,Shandong 261053,China;Shandong Cancer Research Institute(Shandong Tumor Hospital),Jinan,Shandong 250117,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]山东省肿瘤防治研究院(山东省肿瘤医院),山东济南250117

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第3期18-22,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家食品安全风险中心联合攻关计划项目(LH2022GG06);潍坊医学院教学改革项目(2023YBC008)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中国中老年人认知功能在文化水平与抑郁症状间中介作用。方法采用中国健康与养老追踪调查2018年第四次全国追访数据,以8124名45岁及以上的中老年人作为研究对象,采用PROCESS 4.0程序检验认知功能在文化水平与抑郁症状间的中介效应,及Bootstrap法进行中介变量验证。结果中国中老年人抑郁症状的检出率为38.10%。在控制性别、居住地、婚姻状况、吸烟、饮酒和锻炼后,文化水平对中老年人抑郁症状具有负向预测作用(β=-0.48,t=-1.25,P<0.01);认知功能在文化水平与抑郁症状之间存在的中介效应量占58.33%。结论中老年人的文化水平、认知功能与抑郁症状相关,文化水平可以直接或通过认知功能障碍的中介作用间接影响抑郁症状。Objective To explore the mediating role of cognitive function in the association between literacy level and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly people in China.Methods Using the fourth national follow-up data of the China Health and Elderly Care Tracking Survey 2018,8124 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above were included as the study subjects.The PROCESS 4.0 program was used to test the mediating effect of cognitive function between literacy level and depressive symptoms,and the Bootstrap method was used for the mediator variable validation.Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly people in China was 38.10%.After controlling for gender,place of residence,marital status,smoking,alcohol consumption,and exercise,literacy level was a negative predictor of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly people(β=-0.480,t=-11.248,P<0.001).Cognitive function accounted for 58.33%of the amount of mediating effect between literacy level and depressive symptoms.Conclusion Literacy level and cognitive function are associated with depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly people.Literacy level can influence depressive symptoms directly or indirectly through the mediation of cognitive dysfunction.

关 键 词：中老年人 文化水平 抑郁症状 认知功能 中介效应 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]