气源及纳米颗粒对氟碳-碳氢表面活性剂泡沫性能影响研究  

Study on the performance of fluorocarbon⁃hydrocarbon surfactant foam by gas source and nanoparticles

作　　者：尚峰举 张佳庆 李开源 李耀强 Shang Fengju;Zhang Jiaqing;Li Kaiyuan;Li Yaoqiang(State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electric Fire and Safety Protection(State Grid Laboratory of Fire Protection for Transmission and Distribution Facilities)Anhui Hefei 230601,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430070,China;Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Building,Ministry of Emergency Management,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology,Tianjin 300381,China)

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院电力火灾与安全防护安徽省重点实验室(国家电网公司输变电设施火灾防护实验室),安徽合肥230601 [2]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [4]工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室,天津300381 [5]天津市消防安全技术重点实验室,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第4期433-438,共6页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(52120523000L)。

摘　　要：以双子短链氟碳表面活性剂(Gemini)和两性碳氢表面活性剂(LAMC)为核心组分制备了环保型泡沫分散体。研究了纳米SiO_(2)颗粒和压缩气源种类对泡沫分散体起泡性、稳定性及铺展特性的影响。结果表明,纳米SiO_(2)颗粒与短链氟碳表面活性剂存在分子间相互作用,在试验范围内,与压缩空气相比,未添加纳米SiO_(2)颗粒的压缩氮气泡沫高度提升约5.8%,添加浓度为3%的纳米SiO_(2)颗粒后分散体发泡性能略微下降。随着纳米SiO_(2)颗粒的加入,泡沫的稳定性显著增加,氮气泡沫稳定性比空气泡沫提升约5%。纳米SiO_(2)颗粒形成网状结构聚集体堵塞在Plateau边界中,有效延缓泡沫析液和粗化,从而增强泡沫的稳定性。由于氮气和空气自身密度及对泡沫液膜渗透性的不同,压缩空气泡沫在油面上的平均铺展速率较压缩氮气泡沫提升2.6%。研究结果能够为纳米SiO_(2)颗粒在环保型泡沫灭火剂的研发和灭火应用方面提供理论指导。In this study,environmentally friendly foam disper⁃sions were prepared using twin⁃chain fluorocarbon surfactants(Gemini)and amphoteric hydrocarbon surfactants(LAMC)as core components.The influence of nanoscale SiO_(2)particles and the type of compressed gas on the foaming properties,stability,and spreading characteristics of the foam dispersion were investi⁃gated.The results revealed that nanoscale SiO_(2)particles exhibited molecular interactions with short⁃chain fluorocarbon surfactants,leading to an approximately 5.8%increase in the height of com⁃pressed nitrogen foam compared to compressed air foam when 3%nanoscale SiO_(2)particles were added within the experimental range.The foaming performance of the dispersion slightly de⁃creased after the addition of 3%nanoscale SiO_(2)particles.How⁃ever,foam stability significantly increased with the incorporation of nanoscale SiO_(2)particles,resulting in a 5%improvement in the stability of nitrogen foam compared to air foam.Nanoscale SiO_(2)particles formed a network⁃like structure,aggregating within the Plateau borders,effectively delaying foam drainage and coarsen⁃ing,thereby enhancing foam stability.Due to the inherent differ⁃ences in density and permeability of foam liquid films between ni⁃trogen and air,the average spreading rate of compressed air foam on the oil surface increased by 2.6%compared to compressed ni⁃trogen foam.The findings of this study provide theoretical guid⁃ance for the development and firefighting applications of environ⁃mentally friendly foam extinguishing agents containing nanoscale SiO_(2)particles.

关 键 词：短链氟碳表面活性剂 碳氢表面活性剂 纳米SiO_(2)颗粒 压缩气源 泡沫性能 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ569[化学工程—炸药化工]