气承膜结构储煤棚火灾温度及内部气压模拟研究  

Simulation study on fire temperature and internal air pressure of air⁃supported membrane structure coal storage shed

作　　者：张宇 Zhang Yu(Dongcheng Fire and Rescue Division,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]东城区消防救援支队,北京100010

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第4期492-497,共6页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：近年国家对高质量、绿色发展不断提出新要求,建筑形式新颖的气承膜结构因其独特的优势在储煤场中得到大量应用,但与之对应的是特殊的消防安全问题。针对气膜结构储煤场的膜内温度分布、气压变化进行数值模拟研究,结果表明:膜面附近最高温度取决于火源与膜面之间的距离,火源距离膜面过近时,膜材将受热穿孔,穿孔面积最大可达29.75 m^(2),大部分热烟随穿孔排出,膜内整体温度将大大降低;当膜材不被烧穿时,不同火源位置的膜内压强变化趋势相似且内压最大值相差不大;当膜材被烧穿时,膜内压强迅速降低,将影响气膜结构稳定性并可能导致建筑倒塌。In recent years,the country has continuously put forward new requirements for high⁃quality and green development.The novel air⁃supported membrane structure in building forms has been widely used in coal storage yards due to its unique advantages,but it corresponds to special fire safety issues.This article conducts nu⁃merical simulation research on the temperature distribution and pressure changes inside the membrane of air⁃supported membrane structure coal storage shed.The results show that the maximum temperature near the membrane surface depends on the distance be⁃tween the fire source and the membrane surface.When the fire source is too close to the membrane surface,the membrane mate⁃rial will be heated and perforated,with a maximum perforation area of 29.75 m^(2).Most of the hot smoke will be discharged with the per⁃foration,and the overall temperature inside the membrane will be greatly reduced.When the membrane material is not burned through,the trend of pressure changes inside the membrane at dif⁃ferent fire source positions is similar,and the maximum value of in⁃ternal pressure does not differ significantly.When the membrane material is burned through,the pressure inside the membrane rap⁃idly decreases,which will affect the stability of the membrane struc⁃ture and may lead to building collapse.

关 键 词：气承膜结构 储煤棚 FDS 火灾模拟 膜材温度分布 气膜内压 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU24[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]