有机硅-碳氢表面活性剂复配发泡剂性能研究  

Study on preparation of silicone-hydrocarbon surfactant compound foaming agent

作　　者：王广妞 张雷林[1,2] Wang Guangniu;Zhang Leilin(Anhui Province and Ministry of Coal Efficient Mining,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Anhui Huainan 232001,China;School of Safety Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Anhui Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学煤炭高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学安全科学与工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第4期516-521,共6页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874008)。

摘　　要：针对氟碳表面活性剂作为水成膜泡沫灭火剂的核心组分,因其难以被生物降解且对环境危害严重而被严格限制使用的问题,研制出有机硅-碳氢表面活性剂复配的无氟环保型性能优良的发泡剂。选取市售绿色易降解的几种有机硅表面活性剂和碳氢表面活性剂,利用泡沫扫描仪和界面流变仪研究其表面活性和泡沫性能,采用单因素试验法对单一表面活性剂进行优选,通过正交试验法将优选的有机硅表面活性剂Silok 8022和碳氢表面活性剂AOS、LAMC进行复配试验,并对结果进行极差分析得到最佳发泡剂组合。结果表明:优选出的3种有机硅-碳氢表面活性剂最佳复配组合作为发泡剂具有优异的泡沫性能,相对于含氟碳表面活性剂FS-61发泡剂,有机硅-碳氢表面活性剂复配发泡剂的最大泡沫体积增加了7 mL、最大泡沫含液量增加了2.28 mL及300 s析液率降低了3%;无氟泡沫灭火剂灭火时间较商用3%水成膜泡沫灭火剂缩短4 s。因此,复配发泡剂在环境友好的同时且具有较好的泡沫性能及灭火效果。As the core component of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent,fluorocarbon surfactant is strictly restricted because of its difficulty in biodegradation and serious harm to the environment.A fluorine-free and environmentally friendly foam⁃ing agent compounded with silicone-hydrocarbon surfactant was developed.Several commercially available green and easily de⁃gradable silicone surfactants and hydrocarbon surfactants were se⁃lected,and their surface activity and foam properties were studied by foam scanner and interface rheometer.The single surfactant was optimized by single factor experiment method.The preferred silicone surfactant Silok 8022 and hydrocarbon surfactants AOS and LAMC were compounded by orthogonal experiment method,and the best foaming agent combination was obtained by range analysis of the results.The results showed that the optimal combi⁃nation of three kinds of silicone-hydrocarbon surfactants as foam⁃ing agents had excellent foaming properties.Compared with the fluorocarbon surfactant FS-61 foaming agent,the maximum foam volume of the silicone-hydrocarbon surfactant compound foaming agent increased by 7 mL,the maximum foam liquid con⁃tent increased by 2.28 mL and the 300 s drainage rate decreased by 3%.The fire extinguishing time of fluorine-free foam extin⁃guishing agent is 4 s shorter than that of commercial 3%aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.Therefore,the compound foaming agent has good foam performance and fire extinguishing effect while being environmentally friendly.

关 键 词：有机硅表面活性剂 碳氢表面活性剂 表面张力 泡沫体积 泡沫含液量 300 s析液率 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ569[化学工程—炸药化工]